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Multiradionuclide evidence for an extreme solar proton event around 2,610 B.P. (∼660 BC)

O’Hare, Paschal ; Mekhaldi, Florian LU ; Adolphi, Florian LU ; Raisbeck, Grant ; Aldahan, Ala ; Anderberg, Emma LU ; Beer, Jürg ; Christl, Marcus ; Fahrni, Simon and Synal, Hans Arno , et al. (2019) In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116(13). p.5961-5966
Abstract


Recently, it has been confirmed that extreme solar proton events can lead to significantly increased atmospheric production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides. Evidence of such events is recorded in annually resolved natural archives, such as tree rings [carbon-14 (
14
C)] and ice cores [beryllium-10 (
10
Be), chlorine-36 (
36
... (More)


Recently, it has been confirmed that extreme solar proton events can lead to significantly increased atmospheric production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides. Evidence of such events is recorded in annually resolved natural archives, such as tree rings [carbon-14 (
14
C)] and ice cores [beryllium-10 (
10
Be), chlorine-36 (
36
Cl)]. Here, we show evidence for an extreme solar event around 2,610 years B.P. (∼660 BC) based on high-resolution
10
Be data from two Greenland ice cores. Our conclusions are supported by modeled
14
C production rates for the same period. Using existing
36
Cl ice core data in conjunction with
10
Be, we further show that this solar event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum. These results indicate that the 2,610-years B.P. event was an order of magnitude stronger than any solar event recorded during the instrumental period and comparable with the solar proton event of AD 774/ 775, the largest solar event known to date. The results illustrate the importance of multiple ice core radionuclide measurements for the reliable identification of short-term production rate increases and the assessment of their origins.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Ice cores, Radionuclides, Solar proton events, Solar storms
in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
volume
116
issue
13
pages
6 pages
publisher
National Academy of Sciences
external identifiers
  • scopus:85063942314
  • pmid:30858311
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1815725116
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1a7d251b-1a73-48c1-acbd-1ffe872e47a7
date added to LUP
2019-05-09 12:53:06
date last changed
2024-06-25 12:02:22
@article{1a7d251b-1a73-48c1-acbd-1ffe872e47a7,
  abstract     = {{<p><br>
                                                         Recently, it has been confirmed that extreme solar proton events can lead to significantly increased atmospheric production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides. Evidence of such events is recorded in annually resolved natural archives, such as tree rings [carbon-14 (                             <br>
                            <sup>14</sup><br>
                                                         C)] and ice cores [beryllium-10 (                             <br>
                            <sup>10</sup><br>
                                                         Be), chlorine-36 (                             <br>
                            <sup>36</sup><br>
                                                         Cl)]. Here, we show evidence for an extreme solar event around 2,610 years B.P. (∼660 BC) based on high-resolution                              <br>
                            <sup>10</sup><br>
                                                         Be data from two Greenland ice cores. Our conclusions are supported by modeled                              <br>
                            <sup>14</sup><br>
                                                         C production rates for the same period. Using existing                              <br>
                            <sup>36</sup><br>
                                                         Cl ice core data in conjunction with                              <br>
                            <sup>10</sup><br>
                                                         Be, we further show that this solar event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum. These results indicate that the 2,610-years B.P. event was an order of magnitude stronger than any solar event recorded during the instrumental period and comparable with the solar proton event of AD 774/ 775, the largest solar event known to date. The results illustrate the importance of multiple ice core radionuclide measurements for the reliable identification of short-term production rate increases and the assessment of their origins.                         <br>
                        </p>}},
  author       = {{O’Hare, Paschal and Mekhaldi, Florian and Adolphi, Florian and Raisbeck, Grant and Aldahan, Ala and Anderberg, Emma and Beer, Jürg and Christl, Marcus and Fahrni, Simon and Synal, Hans Arno and Park, Junghun and Possnert, Göran and Southon, John and Bard, Edouard and Muscheler, Raimund}},
  issn         = {{0027-8424}},
  keywords     = {{Ice cores; Radionuclides; Solar proton events; Solar storms}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{13}},
  pages        = {{5961--5966}},
  publisher    = {{National Academy of Sciences}},
  series       = {{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}},
  title        = {{Multiradionuclide evidence for an extreme solar proton event around 2,610 B.P. (∼660 BC)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815725116}},
  doi          = {{10.1073/pnas.1815725116}},
  volume       = {{116}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}