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Detecting longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADL) dependence : Optimizing ADL staircase response choices

Axmon, Anna LU orcid ; Ekstam, Lisa LU orcid ; Slaug, Björn LU orcid ; Schmidt, Steven M. LU orcid and Fänge, Agneta Malmgren LU orcid (2019) In British Journal of Occupational Therapy 82(10). p.646-652
Abstract

Introduction: Using a sum score based on a three-graded response scale for the activities of daily living staircase has previously been found to increase the statistical power compared to dichotomized responses when assessing longitudinal changes in activities of daily living. We aimed to investigate if the statistical power could be further increased by using a four-graded scale. Methods: We used data from two previous studies on community-living people to calculate sum scores based on a dichotomized (independent/dependent), a three-graded (independent/partly dependent/dependent), and a four-graded (independent without difficulty/independent with difficulty/partly dependent/dependent) response scale for the activities of daily living... (More)

Introduction: Using a sum score based on a three-graded response scale for the activities of daily living staircase has previously been found to increase the statistical power compared to dichotomized responses when assessing longitudinal changes in activities of daily living. We aimed to investigate if the statistical power could be further increased by using a four-graded scale. Methods: We used data from two previous studies on community-living people to calculate sum scores based on a dichotomized (independent/dependent), a three-graded (independent/partly dependent/dependent), and a four-graded (independent without difficulty/independent with difficulty/partly dependent/dependent) response scale for the activities of daily living staircase. In total, 1818 paired observations (baseline to follow-up) from 482 people were included. Statistical power was estimated for the entire material as well as stratified by follow-up time and baseline activities of daily living using simulations. Results: The four-graded scale provided the highest statistical power, particularly for shorter follow-up times and low and high baseline activities of daily living, but had similar statistical power to the three-graded scale for longer follow-up times and medium baseline activities of daily living. Conclusion: Adding a second level to “independent” in the activities of daily living staircase improved the detection of changes over time.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Activities of daily living, data interpretation, occupational therapy, statistical longitudinal studies, CASE - Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments
in
British Journal of Occupational Therapy
volume
82
issue
10
pages
7 pages
publisher
SAGE Publications
external identifiers
  • scopus:85067842342
ISSN
0308-0226
DOI
10.1177/0308022619853513
project
FORMAS EVIDENCE – Longterm effects of housing adaptations for client and society
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1bf2ea59-b1ba-4c9c-86e7-00ec665cb11f
date added to LUP
2019-07-08 13:30:00
date last changed
2022-09-07 10:32:23
@article{1bf2ea59-b1ba-4c9c-86e7-00ec665cb11f,
  abstract     = {{<p>Introduction: Using a sum score based on a three-graded response scale for the activities of daily living staircase has previously been found to increase the statistical power compared to dichotomized responses when assessing longitudinal changes in activities of daily living. We aimed to investigate if the statistical power could be further increased by using a four-graded scale. Methods: We used data from two previous studies on community-living people to calculate sum scores based on a dichotomized (independent/dependent), a three-graded (independent/partly dependent/dependent), and a four-graded (independent without difficulty/independent with difficulty/partly dependent/dependent) response scale for the activities of daily living staircase. In total, 1818 paired observations (baseline to follow-up) from 482 people were included. Statistical power was estimated for the entire material as well as stratified by follow-up time and baseline activities of daily living using simulations. Results: The four-graded scale provided the highest statistical power, particularly for shorter follow-up times and low and high baseline activities of daily living, but had similar statistical power to the three-graded scale for longer follow-up times and medium baseline activities of daily living. Conclusion: Adding a second level to “independent” in the activities of daily living staircase improved the detection of changes over time.</p>}},
  author       = {{Axmon, Anna and Ekstam, Lisa and Slaug, Björn and Schmidt, Steven M. and Fänge, Agneta Malmgren}},
  issn         = {{0308-0226}},
  keywords     = {{Activities of daily living; data interpretation; occupational therapy; statistical longitudinal studies; CASE - Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{10}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{646--652}},
  publisher    = {{SAGE Publications}},
  series       = {{British Journal of Occupational Therapy}},
  title        = {{Detecting longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADL) dependence : Optimizing ADL staircase response choices}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022619853513}},
  doi          = {{10.1177/0308022619853513}},
  volume       = {{82}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}