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Low level exposure to cadmium and early kidney damage : the OSCAR study

Järup, Lars ; Hellström, Lennart ; Alfvén, Tobias ; Carlsson, Margareta D. ; Grubb, Anders LU orcid ; Persson, Bodil ; Pettersson, Conny ; Spång, Gunnar ; Schütz, Andrejs LU and Elinder, Carl-Gustaf (2000) In Occupational and environmental medicine 57. p.668-672
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To study the dose-response relation between cadmium dose and renal tubular damage in a population of workers and people environmentally or occupationally exposed to low concentrations of cadmium.

METHODS: Early kidney damage in 1021 people, occupationally or environmentally exposed to cadmium, was assessed from cadmium in urine to estimate dose, and protein HC (alpha(1)-microglobulin) in urine to assess tubular proteinuria.

RESULTS: There was an age and sex adjusted correlation between cadmium in urine and urinary protein HC. The prevalence of tubular proteinuria ranged from 5% among unexposed people to 50% in the most exposed group. The corresponding prevalence odds ratio was 6.0 (95% confidence interval (95%... (More)

OBJECTIVES: To study the dose-response relation between cadmium dose and renal tubular damage in a population of workers and people environmentally or occupationally exposed to low concentrations of cadmium.

METHODS: Early kidney damage in 1021 people, occupationally or environmentally exposed to cadmium, was assessed from cadmium in urine to estimate dose, and protein HC (alpha(1)-microglobulin) in urine to assess tubular proteinuria.

RESULTS: There was an age and sex adjusted correlation between cadmium in urine and urinary protein HC. The prevalence of tubular proteinuria ranged from 5% among unexposed people to 50% in the most exposed group. The corresponding prevalence odds ratio was 6.0 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6 to 22) for the highest exposure group, adjusted for age and sex. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an increasing prevalence of tubular proteinuria with urinary cadmium as well as with age. After adjustment to the mean age of the study population (53 years), the results show an increased prevalence of 10% tubular proteinuria (taking into account a background prevalence of 5%) at a urinary cadmium concentration of 1.0 nmol/mmol creatinine.

CONCLUSION: Renal tubular damage due to exposure to cadmium develops at lower levels of cadmium body burden than previously anticipated.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
keywords
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alpha-Globulins/urine, Cadmium/adverse effects, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Kidney Diseases/chemically induced, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Exposure/adverse effects, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Proteinuria/epidemiology, Regression Analysis, Sweden/epidemiology
in
Occupational and environmental medicine
volume
57
pages
668 - 672
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:10984338
  • scopus:0033832233
ISSN
1351-0711
DOI
10.1136/oem.57.10.668
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
1e5313d5-9ef6-4ab3-b6e4-ecfff190eb7e
date added to LUP
2021-11-02 14:17:40
date last changed
2024-06-15 00:27:45
@article{1e5313d5-9ef6-4ab3-b6e4-ecfff190eb7e,
  abstract     = {{<p>OBJECTIVES: To study the dose-response relation between cadmium dose and renal tubular damage in a population of workers and people environmentally or occupationally exposed to low concentrations of cadmium.</p><p>METHODS: Early kidney damage in 1021 people, occupationally or environmentally exposed to cadmium, was assessed from cadmium in urine to estimate dose, and protein HC (alpha(1)-microglobulin) in urine to assess tubular proteinuria.</p><p>RESULTS: There was an age and sex adjusted correlation between cadmium in urine and urinary protein HC. The prevalence of tubular proteinuria ranged from 5% among unexposed people to 50% in the most exposed group. The corresponding prevalence odds ratio was 6.0 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6 to 22) for the highest exposure group, adjusted for age and sex. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an increasing prevalence of tubular proteinuria with urinary cadmium as well as with age. After adjustment to the mean age of the study population (53 years), the results show an increased prevalence of 10% tubular proteinuria (taking into account a background prevalence of 5%) at a urinary cadmium concentration of 1.0 nmol/mmol creatinine.</p><p>CONCLUSION: Renal tubular damage due to exposure to cadmium develops at lower levels of cadmium body burden than previously anticipated.</p>}},
  author       = {{Järup, Lars and Hellström, Lennart and Alfvén, Tobias and Carlsson, Margareta D. and Grubb, Anders and Persson, Bodil and Pettersson, Conny and Spång, Gunnar and Schütz, Andrejs and Elinder, Carl-Gustaf}},
  issn         = {{1351-0711}},
  keywords     = {{Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alpha-Globulins/urine; Cadmium/adverse effects; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases/chemically induced; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Proteinuria/epidemiology; Regression Analysis; Sweden/epidemiology}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{668--672}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Occupational and environmental medicine}},
  title        = {{Low level exposure to cadmium and early kidney damage : the OSCAR study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.57.10.668}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/oem.57.10.668}},
  volume       = {{57}},
  year         = {{2000}},
}