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ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science goals, project overview and future developments

Marconi, A. ; Bensby, T. LU orcid ; Hoeijmakers, H.J. LU orcid and Zimara, J. (2024)
Abstract
The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph).ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs ([U]BV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of ∼100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 µm with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 µm with the addition of an U arm to the BV spectrograph and a separate K band spectrograph.It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in... (More)
The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph).ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs ([U]BV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of ∼100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 µm with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 µm with the addition of an U arm to the BV spectrograph and a separate K band spectrograph.It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR.Modularity and fibre-feeding allows ANDES to be placed partly on the ELT Nasmyth platform and partly in the Coudé room.ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics.Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration.The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of almost 300 scientists and engineers which include the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field that can be found in ESO member states. © 2024 SPIE. (Less)
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type
Contribution to conference
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cosmology, exoplanets, extremely large telescopes, fundamental physics, ground-based instruments, high resolution spectrographs, infrared spectrographs, physics and evolution of galaxies, physics and evolution of stars, stars and planets formation
external identifiers
  • scopus:85200803254
DOI
10.1117/12.3017966
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
216f3d65-077f-46f5-b98d-c9ed42a9a4cc
date added to LUP
2025-10-16 10:52:18
date last changed
2025-10-16 10:52:45
@misc{216f3d65-077f-46f5-b98d-c9ed42a9a4cc,
  abstract     = {{The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph).ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs ([U]BV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of ∼100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 µm with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 µm with the addition of an U arm to the BV spectrograph and a separate K band spectrograph.It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR.Modularity and fibre-feeding allows ANDES to be placed partly on the ELT Nasmyth platform and partly in the Coudé room.ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics.Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration.The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of almost 300 scientists and engineers which include the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field that can be found in ESO member states. © 2024 SPIE.}},
  author       = {{Marconi, A. and Bensby, T. and Hoeijmakers, H.J. and Zimara, J.}},
  keywords     = {{cosmology; exoplanets; extremely large telescopes; fundamental physics; ground-based instruments; high resolution spectrographs; infrared spectrographs; physics and evolution of galaxies; physics and evolution of stars; stars and planets formation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  title        = {{ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science goals, project overview and future developments}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3017966}},
  doi          = {{10.1117/12.3017966}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}