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Cytologic Diagnosis of Large B-Cell Lymphoma : Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis

Lin, Oscar and Ehinger, Mats LU (2026) In Acta Cytologica p.1-11
Abstract

Background: Large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) encompasses a diverse group of aggressive lymphoid neoplasms, the most common of which is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A precise diagnosis is critical for determining prognosis and therapeutic strategies, particularly as new molecular subtypes and classification criteria have been introduced in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematolymphoid tumors (WHO-HAEM5, 2022). Fine needle aspiration cytology is a safe and minimally invasive diagnostic tool for assessing lymphadenopathy and extranodal masses. Summary: LBCLs are typically characterized by single cells with large nuclei, vesicular chromatin pattern, and prominent nucleoli. The diagnosis of... (More)

Background: Large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) encompasses a diverse group of aggressive lymphoid neoplasms, the most common of which is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A precise diagnosis is critical for determining prognosis and therapeutic strategies, particularly as new molecular subtypes and classification criteria have been introduced in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematolymphoid tumors (WHO-HAEM5, 2022). Fine needle aspiration cytology is a safe and minimally invasive diagnostic tool for assessing lymphadenopathy and extranodal masses. Summary: LBCLs are typically characterized by single cells with large nuclei, vesicular chromatin pattern, and prominent nucleoli. The diagnosis of LBCL and the distinction distinguishing between LBCL subtypes requires the integration of cytomorphologic features with ancillary techniques, including immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and next-generation sequencing. Key Messages: This review synthesizes the cytologic features, immunophenotypic profiles, molecular signatures, and clinical implications of LBCL subtypes, highlighting recent advances in cytopathology and classification.

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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
Cytology, Large B cell, Lymphomas
in
Acta Cytologica
pages
11 pages
publisher
Karger
external identifiers
  • pmid:41770654
  • scopus:105037617320
ISSN
0001-5547
DOI
10.1159/000551250
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
22b49223-b26c-412b-ae1d-47d13b20ca9c
date added to LUP
2026-08-17 14:56:13
date last changed
2026-08-31 15:52:15
@article{22b49223-b26c-412b-ae1d-47d13b20ca9c,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) encompasses a diverse group of aggressive lymphoid neoplasms, the most common of which is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A precise diagnosis is critical for determining prognosis and therapeutic strategies, particularly as new molecular subtypes and classification criteria have been introduced in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematolymphoid tumors (WHO-HAEM5, 2022). Fine needle aspiration cytology is a safe and minimally invasive diagnostic tool for assessing lymphadenopathy and extranodal masses. Summary: LBCLs are typically characterized by single cells with large nuclei, vesicular chromatin pattern, and prominent nucleoli. The diagnosis of LBCL and the distinction distinguishing between LBCL subtypes requires the integration of cytomorphologic features with ancillary techniques, including immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and next-generation sequencing. Key Messages: This review synthesizes the cytologic features, immunophenotypic profiles, molecular signatures, and clinical implications of LBCL subtypes, highlighting recent advances in cytopathology and classification.</p>}},
  author       = {{Lin, Oscar and Ehinger, Mats}},
  issn         = {{0001-5547}},
  keywords     = {{Cytology; Large B cell; Lymphomas}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{1--11}},
  publisher    = {{Karger}},
  series       = {{Acta Cytologica}},
  title        = {{Cytologic Diagnosis of Large B-Cell Lymphoma : Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000551250}},
  doi          = {{10.1159/000551250}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}