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Low-level analysis of microarray data

Bengtsson, Henrik LU (2004)
Abstract
This thesis consists of an extensive introduction followed by seven papers (A-F) on low-level analysis of microarray data. Focus is on calibration and normalization of observed data. The introduction gives a brief background of the microarray technology and its applications in order for anyone not familiar with the field to read the thesis. Formal definitions of calibration and normalization are given.



Paper A illustrates a typical statistical analysis of microarray data with background correction, normalization, and identification of differentially expressed genes (among thousands of candidates). A small analysis on the final results for different number of replicates and different image analysis software is also... (More)
This thesis consists of an extensive introduction followed by seven papers (A-F) on low-level analysis of microarray data. Focus is on calibration and normalization of observed data. The introduction gives a brief background of the microarray technology and its applications in order for anyone not familiar with the field to read the thesis. Formal definitions of calibration and normalization are given.



Paper A illustrates a typical statistical analysis of microarray data with background correction, normalization, and identification of differentially expressed genes (among thousands of candidates). A small analysis on the final results for different number of replicates and different image analysis software is also given.



Paper B introduces a novel way for displaying microarray data called the print-order plot, which displays data in the order the corresponding spots were printed to the array. Utilizing these, so called (microtiter-) plate effects are identified. Then, based on a simple variability measure for replicated spots across arrays, different normalization sequences are tested and evidence for the existence of plate effects are claimed.



Paper C presents an object-oriented extension with transparent reference variables to the R language. It is provides the necessary foundation in order to implement the microarray analysis package described in Paper F.



Paper D is on affine transformations of two-channel microarray data and their effects on the log-ratio log-intensity transform. Affine transformations, that is, the existence of channel biases, can explain commonly observed intensity-dependent effects in the log-ratios. In the light of the affine transformation, several normalization methods are revisited. At the end of the paper, a new robust affine normalization is suggested that relies on iterative reweighted principal component analysis.



Paper E suggests a multiscan calibration method where each array is scanned at various sensitivity levels in order to uniquely identify the affine transformation of signals that the scanner and the image-analysis methods introduce. Observed data strongly support this method. In addition, multiscan-calibrated data has an extended dynamical range and higher signal-to-noise levels. This is real-world evidence for the existence of affine transformations of microarray data.



Paper F describes the aroma package – An R Object-oriented Microarray Analysis environment – implemented in R and that provides easy access to our and others low-level analysis methods.



Paper G provides an calibration method for spotted microarrays with dilution series or spike-ins. The method is based on a heteroscedastic affine stochastic model. The parameter estimates are robust against model misspecification. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Dr Huber, Wolfgang, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
programmering, aktuariematematik, Statistik, operationsanalys, Statistics, operations research, programming, actuarial mathematics
pages
257 pages
publisher
Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University
defense location
Room MH:C, Centre for Mathematical Science, Lund Institute of Technology
defense date
2004-10-01 10:15:00
external identifiers
  • scopus:16544386180
ISBN
91-628-6215-4
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Article: A) H. Bengtsson, B. Calder, I. S. Mian, M. Callow, E. Rubin, and T. P. Speed. Identifying Differentially Expressed Genes in cDNA Microarray Experiments: making aging visible. Online report accompanying the discussion forum with the same name. Science SAGE KE, 2001 (12), vp8. Article: B) H. Bengtsson. Identification and normalization of plate effect in cDNA microarray data. Preprints in Mathematical Sciences 2002:28, Mathematical Statistics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, 2002. Article: C) H. Bengtsson. The R.oo package - object-oriented programming with references using standard R code. In Kurt Hornik, Friedrich Leisch, and Achim Zeileis, editors, Proceedings of the 3rd InternationalWorkshop on DistributedStatistical Computing (DSC 2003), Vienna, Austria, March 2003. Article: D) H. Bengtsson and O. Hössjer. Methodological study of affine transformations of gene expression data with proposed normalization method. Preprints inMathematical Sciences 2003:38, Mathematical Statistics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, 2003. [submitted] Article: E) H. Bengtsson, G. Jönsson, and J. Vallon-Christersson. Calibration and assessment of channel-specific biases in microarray data with extended dynamical range. Preprints inMathematical Sciences 2003:37, Mathematical Statistics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, 2003. [tentativelyaccepted for BMC Bioinformatics] Article: F) H. Bengtsson. aroma - An R Object-oriented Microarray Analysis environment. Preprints in Mathematical Sciences 2004:18, Mathematical Statistics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, 2004. Article: G) H. Bengtsson and O. Hössjer. Affine calibration for microarrays with dilution series or spike-ins. Preprints in Mathematical Sciences 2004:19, Mathematical Statistics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, 2004. [submitted]
id
262abc43-bf65-4cb6-89ec-80920d569d53 (old id 467374)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 11:34:45
date last changed
2022-02-13 21:32:20
@phdthesis{262abc43-bf65-4cb6-89ec-80920d569d53,
  abstract     = {{This thesis consists of an extensive introduction followed by seven papers (A-F) on low-level analysis of microarray data. Focus is on calibration and normalization of observed data. The introduction gives a brief background of the microarray technology and its applications in order for anyone not familiar with the field to read the thesis. Formal definitions of calibration and normalization are given.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper A illustrates a typical statistical analysis of microarray data with background correction, normalization, and identification of differentially expressed genes (among thousands of candidates). A small analysis on the final results for different number of replicates and different image analysis software is also given.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper B introduces a novel way for displaying microarray data called the print-order plot, which displays data in the order the corresponding spots were printed to the array. Utilizing these, so called (microtiter-) plate effects are identified. Then, based on a simple variability measure for replicated spots across arrays, different normalization sequences are tested and evidence for the existence of plate effects are claimed.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper C presents an object-oriented extension with transparent reference variables to the R language. It is provides the necessary foundation in order to implement the microarray analysis package described in Paper F.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper D is on affine transformations of two-channel microarray data and their effects on the log-ratio log-intensity transform. Affine transformations, that is, the existence of channel biases, can explain commonly observed intensity-dependent effects in the log-ratios. In the light of the affine transformation, several normalization methods are revisited. At the end of the paper, a new robust affine normalization is suggested that relies on iterative reweighted principal component analysis.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper E suggests a multiscan calibration method where each array is scanned at various sensitivity levels in order to uniquely identify the affine transformation of signals that the scanner and the image-analysis methods introduce. Observed data strongly support this method. In addition, multiscan-calibrated data has an extended dynamical range and higher signal-to-noise levels. This is real-world evidence for the existence of affine transformations of microarray data.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper F describes the aroma package – An R Object-oriented Microarray Analysis environment – implemented in R and that provides easy access to our and others low-level analysis methods.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Paper G provides an calibration method for spotted microarrays with dilution series or spike-ins. The method is based on a heteroscedastic affine stochastic model. The parameter estimates are robust against model misspecification.}},
  author       = {{Bengtsson, Henrik}},
  isbn         = {{91-628-6215-4}},
  keywords     = {{programmering; aktuariematematik; Statistik; operationsanalys; Statistics; operations research; programming; actuarial mathematics}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Low-level analysis of microarray data}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/5806220/1857504.pdf}},
  year         = {{2004}},
}