Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Catalytic combustion in environmental protection and energy production

Silversand, Fredrik A (1996)
Abstract
Catalytic combustion is an important area of catalysis and is used in energy production as well as in the abatement of harmful emissions of various types. This thesis is focused on three different areas of catalytic combustion: - Catalytic combustion of diesel soot - Development of catalytically active wire meshes through thermal spraying - Stabilisation and activation of g-alumina for methane combustion



The first part of the thesis gives an introductory description of different aspects of catalytic combustion. This part also includes a review of different catalytic burners which have been studied during the course of the research work.



Emissions of diesel soot may be trapped and combusted in a... (More)
Catalytic combustion is an important area of catalysis and is used in energy production as well as in the abatement of harmful emissions of various types. This thesis is focused on three different areas of catalytic combustion: - Catalytic combustion of diesel soot - Development of catalytically active wire meshes through thermal spraying - Stabilisation and activation of g-alumina for methane combustion



The first part of the thesis gives an introductory description of different aspects of catalytic combustion. This part also includes a review of different catalytic burners which have been studied during the course of the research work.



Emissions of diesel soot may be trapped and combusted in a particulate trap coated with catalytically active materials. The soot particles must be combusted at temperatures prevailing in diesel exhausts, generally between 150 and 400°C. To facilitate effective combustion at these temperatures, the particulate trap should be coated with an oxide catalyst consisting of V2O5/CuO (V:Cu=0.9 on molar basis).



Catalytically active wire meshes offer a number of advantages over pellets and monolith catalysts. They combine geometric flexibility with excellent mass- and heat- transfer characteristics and a low pressure drop. By using a modified thermal spray technique, it is possible to produce porous adhesive ceramic coatings on metal surfaces. The specific surface area can be increased through deposition of a high-surface-area material into the macro-porosity of the as-sprayed layer. The ceramic layer is finally activated through a conventional impregnation technique.



Palladium dispersed onto a Si-stabilised g-alumina is an appropriate combustion catalyst at temperatures below 1000°C. Adding small amounts of rhodium or platinum to the palladium increases the catalyst activity but decreases the catalyst's stability to thermal deactivation. The addition of rare-earth-metal oxides will lead to increased thermal stability but to a decreased activity. Long-term deactivation tests show that the activity for combustion of methane decreases to the same extent as the value of the specific surface area, thus indicating that the alumina surface may play an important role during the activation of adsorbed methane molecules. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • McCarty, Jon, SRI International
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Si-stabilisation, Pd, numerical model, fouling, poisoning, sintering, deactivation, thermal spraying, wire mesh, CuO, V2O5, Catalytic combustion, diesel soot, g-alumina, long-term deactivation, Chemical technology and engineering, Kemiteknik och kemisk teknologi
pages
271 pages
publisher
Fredrik A. Silversand, Katator AB, Ideon Research Park, S-223 70 Lund
defense location
Chemical Center, lecture hall C
defense date
1996-12-06 13:15:00
external identifiers
  • other:ISRN: LUTKDH/TKKT--96/1040--SE
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
0542e2d3-b49a-411d-b96d-90728c6cbb7e (old id 28855)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 11:31:13
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:05:23
@phdthesis{0542e2d3-b49a-411d-b96d-90728c6cbb7e,
  abstract     = {{Catalytic combustion is an important area of catalysis and is used in energy production as well as in the abatement of harmful emissions of various types. This thesis is focused on three different areas of catalytic combustion: - Catalytic combustion of diesel soot - Development of catalytically active wire meshes through thermal spraying - Stabilisation and activation of g-alumina for methane combustion<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The first part of the thesis gives an introductory description of different aspects of catalytic combustion. This part also includes a review of different catalytic burners which have been studied during the course of the research work.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Emissions of diesel soot may be trapped and combusted in a particulate trap coated with catalytically active materials. The soot particles must be combusted at temperatures prevailing in diesel exhausts, generally between 150 and 400°C. To facilitate effective combustion at these temperatures, the particulate trap should be coated with an oxide catalyst consisting of V2O5/CuO (V:Cu=0.9 on molar basis).<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Catalytically active wire meshes offer a number of advantages over pellets and monolith catalysts. They combine geometric flexibility with excellent mass- and heat- transfer characteristics and a low pressure drop. By using a modified thermal spray technique, it is possible to produce porous adhesive ceramic coatings on metal surfaces. The specific surface area can be increased through deposition of a high-surface-area material into the macro-porosity of the as-sprayed layer. The ceramic layer is finally activated through a conventional impregnation technique.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Palladium dispersed onto a Si-stabilised g-alumina is an appropriate combustion catalyst at temperatures below 1000°C. Adding small amounts of rhodium or platinum to the palladium increases the catalyst activity but decreases the catalyst's stability to thermal deactivation. The addition of rare-earth-metal oxides will lead to increased thermal stability but to a decreased activity. Long-term deactivation tests show that the activity for combustion of methane decreases to the same extent as the value of the specific surface area, thus indicating that the alumina surface may play an important role during the activation of adsorbed methane molecules.}},
  author       = {{Silversand, Fredrik A}},
  keywords     = {{Si-stabilisation; Pd; numerical model; fouling; poisoning; sintering; deactivation; thermal spraying; wire mesh; CuO; V2O5; Catalytic combustion; diesel soot; g-alumina; long-term deactivation; Chemical technology and engineering; Kemiteknik och kemisk teknologi}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Fredrik A. Silversand, Katator AB, Ideon Research Park, S-223 70 Lund}},
  title        = {{Catalytic combustion in environmental protection and energy production}},
  year         = {{1996}},
}