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Structural aspecs on compounds in the CsI-(Cd/Hg)I2 system

Sjövall, Rune LU (1997)
Abstract
Structural investigations of compounds in the CsI-(Cd/Hg)I2 system have been performed by means of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and calorimetric techniques. Crystals of the compounds studied were synthesized from aqueous solutions of CsI and CdI2/HgI2 by the slow evaporation of water. In total, the structure of ten compounds were determined by means of X-ray diffraction on single crystals, including two hydrates. The compounds are: Cs2CdI4 (P21/m), Cs2(Cd0.29Hg0.71)I4 (P21/m, Cs2(Cd0.34Hg0.66)I4 (P21/m), Cs2HgI4 (P21/m), Cs3CdI5 (Pnma), Cs3(Cd0.52Hg0.48)I5 (Pbca), Cs3HgI5 (Pbca), CsCdI3.H2O (Pc) and Cs2Hg3I8.H2O (Cm). These structures are built from (Cd/Hg)I4 tetrahedra and Cs ions with I and/or water oxygens as ligands. The... (More)
Structural investigations of compounds in the CsI-(Cd/Hg)I2 system have been performed by means of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and calorimetric techniques. Crystals of the compounds studied were synthesized from aqueous solutions of CsI and CdI2/HgI2 by the slow evaporation of water. In total, the structure of ten compounds were determined by means of X-ray diffraction on single crystals, including two hydrates. The compounds are: Cs2CdI4 (P21/m), Cs2(Cd0.29Hg0.71)I4 (P21/m, Cs2(Cd0.34Hg0.66)I4 (P21/m), Cs2HgI4 (P21/m), Cs3CdI5 (Pnma), Cs3(Cd0.52Hg0.48)I5 (Pbca), Cs3HgI5 (Pbca), CsCdI3.H2O (Pc) and Cs2Hg3I8.H2O (Cm). These structures are built from (Cd/Hg)I4 tetrahedra and Cs ions with I and/or water oxygens as ligands. The coordination number of the Cs ions range from 8 to 11.



The mixed cadmium and mercury phases are isostructural or closely related to the pure end phases. Cd is completetly replaced by Hg, and Vegard's law is approximately obeyed for the cell volume per formula unit. Also, the unexpectedly larger cell volumes observed for the cadmium containing compounds are discussed.



The hydrates decompose above 350 K yielding Cs2(Cd/Hg)I4 and (Cd/Hg)I2. On mild dehydration the hydrates partially loose water of crystallization. This process is reversible at room temperature, in air.



Structural relationships and trends among halides in general are discussed on the basis of the Biltz' concept.



A geometrical model for calculation of tetrahedral distorsions is evaluated. In addition, two geometrical models for determination of coordination numbers are developed and tested with good results on atoms with 8 to 11 ligands. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Dr Petricek, Vaclav, Inst. of Physics, Czech Acad. of Science, Cukrovarnicka 10, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
tetrahedral distorsion, thermal decomposition, Biltz' concept, structural relationships, hydrate, iodine, mercury, caesium, cadmium, coordination number modelling, Inorganic chemistry, Oorganisk kemi
pages
134 pages
publisher
Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Center, Lund University
defense location
Chemical Center lecture hall C
defense date
1997-02-18 10:15:00
external identifiers
  • other:ISRN: LUTKDH/(TKOO-1017)/1-61/1997
ISBN
91-628-2354-X
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Polymer and Materials Chemistry (LTH) (011001041)
id
0c62ce7e-974b-4ffe-9b16-e3c9596cc4c5 (old id 28957)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 11:26:26
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:04:52
@phdthesis{0c62ce7e-974b-4ffe-9b16-e3c9596cc4c5,
  abstract     = {{Structural investigations of compounds in the CsI-(Cd/Hg)I2 system have been performed by means of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and calorimetric techniques. Crystals of the compounds studied were synthesized from aqueous solutions of CsI and CdI2/HgI2 by the slow evaporation of water. In total, the structure of ten compounds were determined by means of X-ray diffraction on single crystals, including two hydrates. The compounds are: Cs2CdI4 (P21/m), Cs2(Cd0.29Hg0.71)I4 (P21/m, Cs2(Cd0.34Hg0.66)I4 (P21/m), Cs2HgI4 (P21/m), Cs3CdI5 (Pnma), Cs3(Cd0.52Hg0.48)I5 (Pbca), Cs3HgI5 (Pbca), CsCdI3.H2O (Pc) and Cs2Hg3I8.H2O (Cm). These structures are built from (Cd/Hg)I4 tetrahedra and Cs ions with I and/or water oxygens as ligands. The coordination number of the Cs ions range from 8 to 11.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The mixed cadmium and mercury phases are isostructural or closely related to the pure end phases. Cd is completetly replaced by Hg, and Vegard's law is approximately obeyed for the cell volume per formula unit. Also, the unexpectedly larger cell volumes observed for the cadmium containing compounds are discussed.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The hydrates decompose above 350 K yielding Cs2(Cd/Hg)I4 and (Cd/Hg)I2. On mild dehydration the hydrates partially loose water of crystallization. This process is reversible at room temperature, in air.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Structural relationships and trends among halides in general are discussed on the basis of the Biltz' concept.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
A geometrical model for calculation of tetrahedral distorsions is evaluated. In addition, two geometrical models for determination of coordination numbers are developed and tested with good results on atoms with 8 to 11 ligands.}},
  author       = {{Sjövall, Rune}},
  isbn         = {{91-628-2354-X}},
  keywords     = {{tetrahedral distorsion; thermal decomposition; Biltz' concept; structural relationships; hydrate; iodine; mercury; caesium; cadmium; coordination number modelling; Inorganic chemistry; Oorganisk kemi}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Center, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Structural aspecs on compounds in the CsI-(Cd/Hg)I2 system}},
  year         = {{1997}},
}