Determinants of personal exposure to some carcinogenic substances and nitrogen dioxide among the general population in five Swedish cities
(2014) In Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 24(4). p.437-443- Abstract
- Environmental levels of airborne carcinogenic and related substances are comparatively better known than individual exposure and its determinants. We report on a personal monitoring program involving five Swedish urban populations. The aim of the program was to investigate personal exposure to benzene, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The measurements were performed among 40 inhabitants during seven consecutive days, in one urban area each year, during 2000-2008. The estimated population exposure levels were 1.95 mu g/m(3) for benzene, 0.56 mu g/m(3) for 1,3-butadiene, 19.4 mu g/m(3) for formaldehyde, and 14.1,mu g/m(3) for NO2. Statistical analysis using a mixed-effects model revealed that time spent in traffic and... (More)
- Environmental levels of airborne carcinogenic and related substances are comparatively better known than individual exposure and its determinants. We report on a personal monitoring program involving five Swedish urban populations. The aim of the program was to investigate personal exposure to benzene, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The measurements were performed among 40 inhabitants during seven consecutive days, in one urban area each year, during 2000-2008. The estimated population exposure levels were 1.95 mu g/m(3) for benzene, 0.56 mu g/m(3) for 1,3-butadiene, 19.4 mu g/m(3) for formaldehyde, and 14.1,mu g/m(3) for NO2. Statistical analysis using a mixed-effects model revealed that time spent in traffic and time outdoors contributed to benzene and 1,3- butadiene exposure. For benzene, refueling a car was an additional determinant influencing the exposure level. Smoking or environmental tobacco smoke were significant determinants of exposure to NO2, benzene, and 1, 3-butadiene. Those with a gas stove had higher NO2 exposure. Living in a single-family house increased the exposure to formaldehyde significantly. In a variance component model, the between-subject variance dominated for 1,3-butadiene and formaldehyde, whereas the between-city variance dominated for NO2. For benzene, the between-subject and between-cities variances were similar. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4609456
- author
- Hagenbjork-Gustafsson, Annika ; Tornevi, Andreas ; Andersson, Eva M. ; Johannesson, Sandra ; Bellander, Tom ; Merritt, Anne-Sophie ; Tinnerberg, Håkan LU ; Westberg, Flakan ; Forsberg, Bertil and Sallsten, Gerd
- organization
- publishing date
- 2014
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- 3-butadiene, 1, personal exposure, benzene, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, mixed models
- in
- Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
- volume
- 24
- issue
- 4
- pages
- 437 - 443
- publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000337651800013
- scopus:84903143140
- pmid:24064531
- ISSN
- 1559-064X
- DOI
- 10.1038/jes.2013.57
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 294acc2f-9f78-4c81-bc29-96fb362227a3 (old id 4609456)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 13:36:45
- date last changed
- 2022-03-14 00:58:21
@article{294acc2f-9f78-4c81-bc29-96fb362227a3,
abstract = {{Environmental levels of airborne carcinogenic and related substances are comparatively better known than individual exposure and its determinants. We report on a personal monitoring program involving five Swedish urban populations. The aim of the program was to investigate personal exposure to benzene, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The measurements were performed among 40 inhabitants during seven consecutive days, in one urban area each year, during 2000-2008. The estimated population exposure levels were 1.95 mu g/m(3) for benzene, 0.56 mu g/m(3) for 1,3-butadiene, 19.4 mu g/m(3) for formaldehyde, and 14.1,mu g/m(3) for NO2. Statistical analysis using a mixed-effects model revealed that time spent in traffic and time outdoors contributed to benzene and 1,3- butadiene exposure. For benzene, refueling a car was an additional determinant influencing the exposure level. Smoking or environmental tobacco smoke were significant determinants of exposure to NO2, benzene, and 1, 3-butadiene. Those with a gas stove had higher NO2 exposure. Living in a single-family house increased the exposure to formaldehyde significantly. In a variance component model, the between-subject variance dominated for 1,3-butadiene and formaldehyde, whereas the between-city variance dominated for NO2. For benzene, the between-subject and between-cities variances were similar.}},
author = {{Hagenbjork-Gustafsson, Annika and Tornevi, Andreas and Andersson, Eva M. and Johannesson, Sandra and Bellander, Tom and Merritt, Anne-Sophie and Tinnerberg, Håkan and Westberg, Flakan and Forsberg, Bertil and Sallsten, Gerd}},
issn = {{1559-064X}},
keywords = {{3-butadiene; 1; personal exposure; benzene; nitrogen dioxide; formaldehyde; mixed models}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{437--443}},
publisher = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
series = {{Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology}},
title = {{Determinants of personal exposure to some carcinogenic substances and nitrogen dioxide among the general population in five Swedish cities}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jes.2013.57}},
doi = {{10.1038/jes.2013.57}},
volume = {{24}},
year = {{2014}},
}