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High-resolution Transmission Spectroscopy of Warm Jupiters: An ESPRESSO Sample with Predictions for ANDES

Prinoth, Bibiana LU orcid ; Sedaghati, Elyar ; Seidel, Julia V. ; Hoeijmakers, Jens LU orcid ; Brahm, Rafael ; Thorsbro, Brian LU orcid and Jordán, Andrés (2024) In The Astronomical Journal 168(133).
Abstract
Warm Jupiters are ideal laboratories for testing the limitations of current tools for atmospheric studies. The cross-correlation technique is a commonly used method to investigate the atmospheres of close-in planets, leveraging their large orbital velocities to separate the spectrum of the planet from that of the star. Warm Jupiter atmospheres predominantly consist of molecular species, notably water, methane, and carbon monoxide, often accompanied by clouds and hazes muting their atmospheric features. In this study, we investigate the atmospheres of six warm Jupiters, K2-139 b, K2-329 b, TOI-3362 b, WASP-130 b, WASP-106 b, and TOI-677 b, to search for water absorption using the ESPRESSO spectrograph, reporting nondetections for all... (More)
Warm Jupiters are ideal laboratories for testing the limitations of current tools for atmospheric studies. The cross-correlation technique is a commonly used method to investigate the atmospheres of close-in planets, leveraging their large orbital velocities to separate the spectrum of the planet from that of the star. Warm Jupiter atmospheres predominantly consist of molecular species, notably water, methane, and carbon monoxide, often accompanied by clouds and hazes muting their atmospheric features. In this study, we investigate the atmospheres of six warm Jupiters, K2-139 b, K2-329 b, TOI-3362 b, WASP-130 b, WASP-106 b, and TOI-677 b, to search for water absorption using the ESPRESSO spectrograph, reporting nondetections for all targets. These nondetections are partially attributed to planets having in-transit radial velocity changes that are typically too small (≲15 km s‑1) to distinguish between the different components (star, planet, Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, and telluric contamination), as well as the relatively weak planetary absorption lines as compared to the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra. We simulate observations for the upcoming high-resolution spectrograph ANDES at the Extremely Large Telescope for the two favourable planets on eccentric orbits, TOI-3362 b and TOI-677 b, searching for water, carbon monoxide, and methane. We predict a significant detection of water and CO, if ANDES indeed covers the K-band, in the atmospheres of TOI-677 b and a tentative detection of water in the atmosphere of TOI-3362 b. This suggests that planets on highly eccentric orbits with favourable orbital configurations present a unique opportunity to access cooler atmospheres. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
The Astronomical Journal
volume
168
issue
133
pages
15 pages
publisher
IOP Publishing
external identifiers
  • scopus:85202526385
ISSN
1538-3881
DOI
10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7f
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
29863e24-6393-4846-94b7-8438a07cb0bb
date added to LUP
2024-11-21 13:25:37
date last changed
2025-05-23 23:06:56
@article{29863e24-6393-4846-94b7-8438a07cb0bb,
  abstract     = {{Warm Jupiters are ideal laboratories for testing the limitations of current tools for atmospheric studies. The cross-correlation technique is a commonly used method to investigate the atmospheres of close-in planets, leveraging their large orbital velocities to separate the spectrum of the planet from that of the star. Warm Jupiter atmospheres predominantly consist of molecular species, notably water, methane, and carbon monoxide, often accompanied by clouds and hazes muting their atmospheric features. In this study, we investigate the atmospheres of six warm Jupiters, K2-139 b, K2-329 b, TOI-3362 b, WASP-130 b, WASP-106 b, and TOI-677 b, to search for water absorption using the ESPRESSO spectrograph, reporting nondetections for all targets. These nondetections are partially attributed to planets having in-transit radial velocity changes that are typically too small (≲15 km s‑1) to distinguish between the different components (star, planet, Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, and telluric contamination), as well as the relatively weak planetary absorption lines as compared to the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra. We simulate observations for the upcoming high-resolution spectrograph ANDES at the Extremely Large Telescope for the two favourable planets on eccentric orbits, TOI-3362 b and TOI-677 b, searching for water, carbon monoxide, and methane. We predict a significant detection of water and CO, if ANDES indeed covers the K-band, in the atmospheres of TOI-677 b and a tentative detection of water in the atmosphere of TOI-3362 b. This suggests that planets on highly eccentric orbits with favourable orbital configurations present a unique opportunity to access cooler atmospheres.}},
  author       = {{Prinoth, Bibiana and Sedaghati, Elyar and Seidel, Julia V. and Hoeijmakers, Jens and Brahm, Rafael and Thorsbro, Brian and Jordán, Andrés}},
  issn         = {{1538-3881}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{133}},
  publisher    = {{IOP Publishing}},
  series       = {{The Astronomical Journal}},
  title        = {{High-resolution Transmission Spectroscopy of Warm Jupiters: An ESPRESSO Sample with Predictions for ANDES}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7f}},
  doi          = {{10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7f}},
  volume       = {{168}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}