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Rare novel variants in the ZIC3 gene cause X-linked heterotaxy

Paulussen, Aimee D C ; Steyls, Anja ; Vanoevelen, Jo ; Van Tienen, Florence H J ; Krapels, Ingrid P C ; Claes, Godelieve R F ; Chocron, Sonja ; Velter, Crool ; Tan-Sindhunata, Gita M. and Lundin, Catarina LU , et al. (2016) In European Journal of Human Genetics 24(12). p.1783-1791
Abstract

Variants in the ZIC3 gene are rare, but have demonstrated their profound clinical significance in X-linked heterotaxy, affecting in particular male patients with abnormal arrangement of thoracic and visceral organs. Several reports have shown relevance of ZIC3 gene variants in both familial and sporadic cases and with a predominance of mutations detected in zinc-finger domains. No studies so far have assessed the functional consequences of ZIC3 variants in an in vivo model organism. A study population of 348 patients collected over more than 10 years with a large variety of congenital heart disease including heterotaxy was screened for variants in the ZIC3 gene. Functional effects of three variants were assessed both in vitro and in... (More)

Variants in the ZIC3 gene are rare, but have demonstrated their profound clinical significance in X-linked heterotaxy, affecting in particular male patients with abnormal arrangement of thoracic and visceral organs. Several reports have shown relevance of ZIC3 gene variants in both familial and sporadic cases and with a predominance of mutations detected in zinc-finger domains. No studies so far have assessed the functional consequences of ZIC3 variants in an in vivo model organism. A study population of 348 patients collected over more than 10 years with a large variety of congenital heart disease including heterotaxy was screened for variants in the ZIC3 gene. Functional effects of three variants were assessed both in vitro and in vivo in the zebrafish. We identified six novel pathogenic variants (1,7%), all in either male patients with heterotaxy (n=5) or a female patient with multiple male deaths due to heterotaxy in the family (n=1). All variants were located within the zinc-finger domains or leading to a truncation before these domains. Truncating variants showed abnormal trafficking of mutated ZIC3 proteins, whereas the missense variant showed normal trafficking. Overexpression of wild-type and mutated ZIC protein in zebrafish showed full non-functionality of the two frame-shift variants and partial activity of the missense variant compared with wild-type, further underscoring the pathogenic character of these variants. Concluding, we greatly expanded the number of causative variants in ZIC3 and delineated the functional effects of three variants using in vitro and in vivo model systems.

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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
European Journal of Human Genetics
volume
24
issue
12
pages
9 pages
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:27406248
  • scopus:84978036042
ISSN
1018-4813
DOI
10.1038/ejhg.2016.91
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
30595bc6-4c25-4fc4-8293-664d2f5a2b10
date added to LUP
2016-12-07 08:45:42
date last changed
2024-03-22 13:20:38
@article{30595bc6-4c25-4fc4-8293-664d2f5a2b10,
  abstract     = {{<p>Variants in the ZIC3 gene are rare, but have demonstrated their profound clinical significance in X-linked heterotaxy, affecting in particular male patients with abnormal arrangement of thoracic and visceral organs. Several reports have shown relevance of ZIC3 gene variants in both familial and sporadic cases and with a predominance of mutations detected in zinc-finger domains. No studies so far have assessed the functional consequences of ZIC3 variants in an in vivo model organism. A study population of 348 patients collected over more than 10 years with a large variety of congenital heart disease including heterotaxy was screened for variants in the ZIC3 gene. Functional effects of three variants were assessed both in vitro and in vivo in the zebrafish. We identified six novel pathogenic variants (1,7%), all in either male patients with heterotaxy (n=5) or a female patient with multiple male deaths due to heterotaxy in the family (n=1). All variants were located within the zinc-finger domains or leading to a truncation before these domains. Truncating variants showed abnormal trafficking of mutated ZIC3 proteins, whereas the missense variant showed normal trafficking. Overexpression of wild-type and mutated ZIC protein in zebrafish showed full non-functionality of the two frame-shift variants and partial activity of the missense variant compared with wild-type, further underscoring the pathogenic character of these variants. Concluding, we greatly expanded the number of causative variants in ZIC3 and delineated the functional effects of three variants using in vitro and in vivo model systems.</p>}},
  author       = {{Paulussen, Aimee D C and Steyls, Anja and Vanoevelen, Jo and Van Tienen, Florence H J and Krapels, Ingrid P C and Claes, Godelieve R F and Chocron, Sonja and Velter, Crool and Tan-Sindhunata, Gita M. and Lundin, Catarina and Valenzuela, Irene and Nagy, Balint and Bache, Iben and Maroun, Lisa Leth and Avela, Kristiina and Brunner, Han G. and Smeets, Hubert J M and Bakkers, Jeroen and Van Den Wijngaard, Arthur}},
  issn         = {{1018-4813}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{12}},
  number       = {{12}},
  pages        = {{1783--1791}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Human Genetics}},
  title        = {{Rare novel variants in the ZIC3 gene cause X-linked heterotaxy}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2016.91}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/ejhg.2016.91}},
  volume       = {{24}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}