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Molecular phylogeny and higher systematics of the metalmark butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)

Seraphim, Noemy ; Kaminski, Lucas A. ; Devries, Philip J. ; Penz, Carla ; Callaghan, Curtis ; Wahlberg, Niklas LU ; Silva-brandão, Karina L. and Freitas, André V.l. (2018) In Systematic Entomology 43(2). p.407-425
Abstract
Riodinidae is a highly diverse buttery family with the majority of its
genera restricted to the Neotropics and, despite previous efforts, its higher systematics remains unresolved. Here, we propose a novel phylogenetic hypothesis, based on a comprehensive sample of riodinids, primarily from the Neotropics, covering 67% of all genera and all of the major lineages. We sequenced nine molecular markers and estimated resulting phylogenies with maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches, using both timed trees and time-independent trees. We based calibration on three fossil Riodinidae, and reassessed the position of the oldest fossil. We also incorporated 52 samples from a previous study providing a comprehensive maximum likelihood ... (More)
Riodinidae is a highly diverse buttery family with the majority of its
genera restricted to the Neotropics and, despite previous efforts, its higher systematics remains unresolved. Here, we propose a novel phylogenetic hypothesis, based on a comprehensive sample of riodinids, primarily from the Neotropics, covering 67% of all genera and all of the major lineages. We sequenced nine molecular markers and estimated resulting phylogenies with maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches, using both timed trees and time-independent trees. We based calibration on three fossil Riodinidae, and reassessed the position of the oldest fossil. We also incorporated 52 samples from a previous study providing a comprehensive maximum likelihood tree
for 304 species comprising 80% of all genera. We propose a new higher classication of the Riodinidae with two subfamilies: the Nemeobiinae, including the Old World riodinids and their Neotropical sister Euselasia Hübner; and the Riodininae, comprising all remaining genera. We divided Riodininae into nine tribes (including four new tribes: Calydnini Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminski trib.n.; Sertaniini Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminskitrib.n.; Dianesiini Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminski trib.n.; and Emesidini Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminski trib.n.), with Mesosemiini and Nymphidiini further subdivided into two and seven subtribes (including three new subtribes for Nymphidiini: Zabuellina Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminski subtrib.n.; Pachythonina Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminskisubtrib.n.; and Pandemina Seraphim, Freitas & Kaminski subtrib.n.). Although our phylogenetic hypotheses are generally congruent with the analyses by Espeland et al. (2015), the comprehensive taxon sampling employed here constitutes a large step towards a stable tribal-level classication. All taxonomic changes are summarized in a checklist. Despite most genera being restricted to tropical South and Central America, the oldest known fossil of Riodininae belongs to the Green River formation (42.6–50.2 Ma) in North America. Accordingly, we reassess the family’s crown age at 56 Ma (52.4–60.7 Ma), which is at variance with previous dating using secondary calibrations and a different subset of genes. Nonmonophyletic riodinid genera are ubiquitous, and several groups need further revision, including groups revised recently. Our results point to the need for integrative taxonomy, as adult morphology seems to be have been exhausted as a single data source in this family. This published work has been registered on Zoobank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BCA2DDC5-753B-4178-8E7B-B7ED1E995CE8. (Less)
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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Systematic Entomology
volume
43
issue
2
pages
407 - 425
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85040616215
ISSN
0307-6970
DOI
10.1111/syen.12282
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
32a2de3c-793f-4588-bb5b-4b24557761ff
date added to LUP
2019-01-11 11:55:49
date last changed
2022-03-02 19:07:40
@article{32a2de3c-793f-4588-bb5b-4b24557761ff,
  abstract     = {{Riodinidae is a highly diverse buttery family with the majority of its<br>
genera restricted to the Neotropics and, despite previous efforts, its higher systematics remains unresolved. Here, we propose a novel phylogenetic hypothesis, based on a comprehensive sample of riodinids, primarily from the Neotropics, covering 67% of all genera and all of the major lineages. We sequenced nine molecular markers and estimated resulting phylogenies with maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches, using both timed trees and time-independent trees. We based calibration on three fossil Riodinidae, and reassessed the position of the oldest fossil. We also incorporated 52 samples from a previous study providing a comprehensive maximum likelihood tree<br>
for 304 species comprising 80% of all genera. We propose a new higher classication of the Riodinidae with two subfamilies: the Nemeobiinae, including the Old World riodinids and their Neotropical sister Euselasia Hübner; and the Riodininae, comprising all remaining genera. We divided Riodininae into nine tribes (including four new tribes: Calydnini Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminski trib.n.; Sertaniini Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminskitrib.n.; Dianesiini Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminski trib.n.; and Emesidini Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminski trib.n.), with Mesosemiini and Nymphidiini further subdivided into two and seven subtribes (including three new subtribes for Nymphidiini: Zabuellina Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminski subtrib.n.; Pachythonina Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminskisubtrib.n.; and Pandemina Seraphim, Freitas &amp; Kaminski subtrib.n.). Although our phylogenetic hypotheses are generally congruent with the analyses by Espeland et al. (2015), the comprehensive taxon sampling employed here constitutes a large step towards a stable tribal-level classication. All taxonomic changes are summarized in a checklist. Despite most genera being restricted to tropical South and Central America, the oldest known fossil of Riodininae belongs to the Green River formation (42.6–50.2 Ma) in North America. Accordingly, we reassess the family’s crown age at 56 Ma (52.4–60.7 Ma), which is at variance with previous dating using secondary calibrations and a different subset of genes. Nonmonophyletic riodinid genera are ubiquitous, and several groups need further revision, including groups revised recently. Our results point to the need for integrative taxonomy, as adult morphology seems to be have been exhausted as a single data source in this family. This published work has been registered on Zoobank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BCA2DDC5-753B-4178-8E7B-B7ED1E995CE8.}},
  author       = {{Seraphim, Noemy and Kaminski, Lucas A. and Devries, Philip J. and Penz, Carla and Callaghan, Curtis and Wahlberg, Niklas and Silva-brandão, Karina L. and Freitas, André V.l.}},
  issn         = {{0307-6970}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{407--425}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Systematic Entomology}},
  title        = {{Molecular phylogeny and higher systematics of the metalmark butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/syen.12282}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/syen.12282}},
  volume       = {{43}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}