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Determination of isocyanates, aminoisocyanates and amines in air formed during the thermal degradation of polyurethane

Karlsson, Daniel LU ; Dahlin, Jakob LU ; Skarping, Gunnar LU and Dalene, Marianne LU (2002) In Journal of Environmental Monitoring 4(2). p.216-222
Abstract
An air sampling method for the determination of isocyanates. aminoisocyanates and amines formed during the thermal degradation Of polyurethane (PUR) is presented. The method is based on the collection of air samples using impinger flasks containing di-n-butylamine (DBA) in toluene with a glass fibre filter in series. Isocyanates are derivatized with DBA to urea derivatives, and amines are derivatized in a subsequent work-up procedure with ethyl chloroformate (ET) to carbamate esters. Amine, aminoisocyanate and isocyanate derivatives were characterized using liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOFMS) and liquid chromatography-chemiluminescent nitrogen detection (LC-CLND). Quantification was performed by LC-MS,... (More)
An air sampling method for the determination of isocyanates. aminoisocyanates and amines formed during the thermal degradation Of polyurethane (PUR) is presented. The method is based on the collection of air samples using impinger flasks containing di-n-butylamine (DBA) in toluene with a glass fibre filter in series. Isocyanates are derivatized with DBA to urea derivatives, and amines are derivatized in a subsequent work-up procedure with ethyl chloroformate (ET) to carbamate esters. Amine, aminoisocyanate and isocyanate derivatives were characterized using liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOFMS) and liquid chromatography-chemiluminescent nitrogen detection (LC-CLND). Quantification was performed by LC-MS, monitoring molecular ions [MH](+) in the electrospray mode. The instrumental detection limits for amines, aminoisocyanates and isocyanates were in the ranges 30-40. 2-3 and 3-70 fmol. respectively. Thermal degradation products of PUR were observed in high concentrations during welding in district heating pipes and PUR-coated metal sheets. Eleven isocyanates, three amines and five aminoisocyanates were identified. The concentrations of isocyanates, aminoisocyanates and amines in samples collected in the smoke close to the welding spot were in the ranges 150-650. 4-290 and 1-70 ppb. respectively. In samples collected in the breathing zone. isocyanates and aminoisocyanates were observed in the ranges 9-120 and 4-19 ppb, respectively. The compounds were present in both gas and particle phases. Volatile compounds dominated in the gas phase, whereas less volatile compounds dominated in the particle phase. The method presented makes it possible to sample and determine amines and aminoisocyanates. in addition to isocyanates. The need to monitor these compounds is clearly illustrated by the high concentrations found during the thermal degradation of PUR. (Less)
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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Journal of Environmental Monitoring
volume
4
issue
2
pages
216 - 222
publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
external identifiers
  • pmid:11993759
  • wos:000175145600009
  • scopus:0036117059
ISSN
1464-0325
DOI
10.1039/b110593k
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (011001000), Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (013078001), Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Unit (013241310)
id
2e113fc1-daf2-4eb6-a3bc-f3dd43f47d80 (old id 339931)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 11:38:20
date last changed
2023-05-02 14:14:59
@article{2e113fc1-daf2-4eb6-a3bc-f3dd43f47d80,
  abstract     = {{An air sampling method for the determination of isocyanates. aminoisocyanates and amines formed during the thermal degradation Of polyurethane (PUR) is presented. The method is based on the collection of air samples using impinger flasks containing di-n-butylamine (DBA) in toluene with a glass fibre filter in series. Isocyanates are derivatized with DBA to urea derivatives, and amines are derivatized in a subsequent work-up procedure with ethyl chloroformate (ET) to carbamate esters. Amine, aminoisocyanate and isocyanate derivatives were characterized using liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOFMS) and liquid chromatography-chemiluminescent nitrogen detection (LC-CLND). Quantification was performed by LC-MS, monitoring molecular ions [MH](+) in the electrospray mode. The instrumental detection limits for amines, aminoisocyanates and isocyanates were in the ranges 30-40. 2-3 and 3-70 fmol. respectively. Thermal degradation products of PUR were observed in high concentrations during welding in district heating pipes and PUR-coated metal sheets. Eleven isocyanates, three amines and five aminoisocyanates were identified. The concentrations of isocyanates, aminoisocyanates and amines in samples collected in the smoke close to the welding spot were in the ranges 150-650. 4-290 and 1-70 ppb. respectively. In samples collected in the breathing zone. isocyanates and aminoisocyanates were observed in the ranges 9-120 and 4-19 ppb, respectively. The compounds were present in both gas and particle phases. Volatile compounds dominated in the gas phase, whereas less volatile compounds dominated in the particle phase. The method presented makes it possible to sample and determine amines and aminoisocyanates. in addition to isocyanates. The need to monitor these compounds is clearly illustrated by the high concentrations found during the thermal degradation of PUR.}},
  author       = {{Karlsson, Daniel and Dahlin, Jakob and Skarping, Gunnar and Dalene, Marianne}},
  issn         = {{1464-0325}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{216--222}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry}},
  series       = {{Journal of Environmental Monitoring}},
  title        = {{Determination of isocyanates, aminoisocyanates and amines in air formed during the thermal degradation of polyurethane}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b110593k}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/b110593k}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2002}},
}