A laboratory validation study of comfort and limit temperatures of four sleeping bags defined according to EN 13537 (2002)
(2013) In Applied Ergonomics 44(2). p.321-326- Abstract
- In this study, we validated comfort and limit temperatures of four sleeping bags with different levels of insulation defined according to EN 13537. Six male subjects and four female subjects underwent totally 20 two-hour exposures in four sleeping bags at four intended testing temperatures: 11.2, 3.8, 2.1 and -9.0 degrees C. The subjective perceptions and physiological responses of these subjects were reported and analyzed. It was found that the EN 13537 defined comfort temperature and limit temperature were underestimated for sleeping bags MA3, HAG and MAM. The predictions are so conservative that further revision may be required to meet the requirements of both manufacturers and consumers. In contrast, for the sleeping bag MAO with a low... (More)
- In this study, we validated comfort and limit temperatures of four sleeping bags with different levels of insulation defined according to EN 13537. Six male subjects and four female subjects underwent totally 20 two-hour exposures in four sleeping bags at four intended testing temperatures: 11.2, 3.8, 2.1 and -9.0 degrees C. The subjective perceptions and physiological responses of these subjects were reported and analyzed. It was found that the EN 13537 defined comfort temperature and limit temperature were underestimated for sleeping bags MA3, HAG and MAM. The predictions are so conservative that further revision may be required to meet the requirements of both manufacturers and consumers. In contrast, for the sleeping bag MAO with a low level of insulation, the limit temperature defined by EN 13537 was slightly overestimated. In addition, two individual case studies (-28.0 and -32.0 degrees C) demonstrated that low toe temperatures were widely observed among the male and female subjects, although the mean skin temperatures were almost within the thermoneutrality range (32.0-34.0 degrees C). It seems that the IREQ model (ISO 11079) overestimated both the comfort and limit temperatures of the sleeping bags. Finally, traditional sleeping bags may be required to be re-designed to provide consumers both whole body comfort as well as local thermal comfort at feet/toes or users need to be made aware of the higher need for their insulation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3401228
- author
- Lin, Li-Yen ; Wang, Faming LU ; Kuklane, Kalev LU ; Gao, Chuansi LU ; Holmér, Ingvar LU and Zhao, Mengmeng
- organization
- publishing date
- 2013
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Sleeping bag, Thermal comfort, EN 13537, Toe temperature, Perception, Modeling
- in
- Applied Ergonomics
- volume
- 44
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 321 - 326
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000311179100019
- scopus:84868149604
- pmid:23021632
- ISSN
- 1872-9126
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.apergo.2012.09.001
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- fe8811a2-8050-494b-bf83-fb50078e7eec (old id 3401228)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 14:23:08
- date last changed
- 2022-03-21 23:45:10
@article{fe8811a2-8050-494b-bf83-fb50078e7eec, abstract = {{In this study, we validated comfort and limit temperatures of four sleeping bags with different levels of insulation defined according to EN 13537. Six male subjects and four female subjects underwent totally 20 two-hour exposures in four sleeping bags at four intended testing temperatures: 11.2, 3.8, 2.1 and -9.0 degrees C. The subjective perceptions and physiological responses of these subjects were reported and analyzed. It was found that the EN 13537 defined comfort temperature and limit temperature were underestimated for sleeping bags MA3, HAG and MAM. The predictions are so conservative that further revision may be required to meet the requirements of both manufacturers and consumers. In contrast, for the sleeping bag MAO with a low level of insulation, the limit temperature defined by EN 13537 was slightly overestimated. In addition, two individual case studies (-28.0 and -32.0 degrees C) demonstrated that low toe temperatures were widely observed among the male and female subjects, although the mean skin temperatures were almost within the thermoneutrality range (32.0-34.0 degrees C). It seems that the IREQ model (ISO 11079) overestimated both the comfort and limit temperatures of the sleeping bags. Finally, traditional sleeping bags may be required to be re-designed to provide consumers both whole body comfort as well as local thermal comfort at feet/toes or users need to be made aware of the higher need for their insulation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.}}, author = {{Lin, Li-Yen and Wang, Faming and Kuklane, Kalev and Gao, Chuansi and Holmér, Ingvar and Zhao, Mengmeng}}, issn = {{1872-9126}}, keywords = {{Sleeping bag; Thermal comfort; EN 13537; Toe temperature; Perception; Modeling}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{321--326}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, series = {{Applied Ergonomics}}, title = {{A laboratory validation study of comfort and limit temperatures of four sleeping bags defined according to EN 13537 (2002)}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2012.09.001}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.apergo.2012.09.001}}, volume = {{44}}, year = {{2013}}, }