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Eye and wing structure closely reflects the visual ecology of dung beetles

Tocco, Claudia LU ; Dacke, Marie LU and Byrne, Marcus (2019) In Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology 205(2). p.211-221
Abstract

An important resource partitioning strategy allowing dung beetles to coexist in the same habitat, while utilising the same food, is species’ separation of activity times. After establishing the diel activity period of three closely related, co-occurring dung beetles, we examined their eye and wing morphology. Absolute and relative eye size, and facet size were greater in the nocturnal Escarabaeus satyrus, followed by the crepuscular Scarabaeus zambesianus and then the diurnal Kheper lamarcki. The diurnal K. lamarcki had the highest wing aspect ratio (long, narrow wings), followed by the crepuscular S. zambesianus and the nocturnal E. satyrus (short, broad wings), suggesting that dim-light active species fly slower than diurnal species.... (More)

An important resource partitioning strategy allowing dung beetles to coexist in the same habitat, while utilising the same food, is species’ separation of activity times. After establishing the diel activity period of three closely related, co-occurring dung beetles, we examined their eye and wing morphology. Absolute and relative eye size, and facet size were greater in the nocturnal Escarabaeus satyrus, followed by the crepuscular Scarabaeus zambesianus and then the diurnal Kheper lamarcki. The diurnal K. lamarcki had the highest wing aspect ratio (long, narrow wings), followed by the crepuscular S. zambesianus and the nocturnal E. satyrus (short, broad wings), suggesting that dim-light active species fly slower than diurnal species. In addition, the two species active in dim light had a lower wing loading than the diurnal species, indicating the need for greater manoeuvrability in the dark. Analyses of wing shape revealed that the diurnal K. lamarcki wing had a proportionally larger jugal and anal region than both dim light species. Our results show that different species of dung beetles have a combination of optical and morphological wing adaptations to support their foraging activities in diverse light conditions.

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author
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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Aspect ratio, Diel activity period, Eye size, Scarabaeini, Wing loading
in
Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology
volume
205
issue
2
pages
211 - 221
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:85062730766
  • pmid:30830308
ISSN
0340-7594
DOI
10.1007/s00359-019-01324-6
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
34a48733-1ac9-4677-90e2-8318e5e7d619
date added to LUP
2019-04-05 12:22:28
date last changed
2024-06-11 07:48:53
@article{34a48733-1ac9-4677-90e2-8318e5e7d619,
  abstract     = {{<p>An important resource partitioning strategy allowing dung beetles to coexist in the same habitat, while utilising the same food, is species’ separation of activity times. After establishing the diel activity period of three closely related, co-occurring dung beetles, we examined their eye and wing morphology. Absolute and relative eye size, and facet size were greater in the nocturnal Escarabaeus satyrus, followed by the crepuscular Scarabaeus zambesianus and then the diurnal Kheper lamarcki. The diurnal K. lamarcki had the highest wing aspect ratio (long, narrow wings), followed by the crepuscular S. zambesianus and the nocturnal E. satyrus (short, broad wings), suggesting that dim-light active species fly slower than diurnal species. In addition, the two species active in dim light had a lower wing loading than the diurnal species, indicating the need for greater manoeuvrability in the dark. Analyses of wing shape revealed that the diurnal K. lamarcki wing had a proportionally larger jugal and anal region than both dim light species. Our results show that different species of dung beetles have a combination of optical and morphological wing adaptations to support their foraging activities in diverse light conditions.</p>}},
  author       = {{Tocco, Claudia and Dacke, Marie and Byrne, Marcus}},
  issn         = {{0340-7594}},
  keywords     = {{Aspect ratio; Diel activity period; Eye size; Scarabaeini; Wing loading}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{211--221}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology}},
  title        = {{Eye and wing structure closely reflects the visual ecology of dung beetles}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-019-01324-6}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00359-019-01324-6}},
  volume       = {{205}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}