Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease in both Europeans and East Asians
Xiu, Xuehao ; Zhang, Haoyang LU
; Xue, Angli
; Cooper, David N
; Yan, Li
; Yang, Yuedong
; Yang, Yuanhao
and Zhao, Huiying
(2022)
In BMC Medicine
20(1).
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Observational studies have revealed that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, whether the two diseases share a genetic basis and whether the relationship is causal remain unclear. It is also unclear as to whether these relationships differ between ethnic groups.
METHODS: By leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D (European-based: Ncase = 21,926, Ncontrol = 342,747; East Asian-based: Ncase = 36,614, Ncontrol = 155,150) and PAD (European-based: Ncase = 5673, Ncontrol = 359,551; East Asian-based: Ncase = 3593, Ncontrol = 208,860), we explored the genetic correlation and putative causal relationship between T2D... (More)
BACKGROUND: Observational studies have revealed that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, whether the two diseases share a genetic basis and whether the relationship is causal remain unclear. It is also unclear as to whether these relationships differ between ethnic groups.
METHODS: By leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D (European-based: Ncase = 21,926, Ncontrol = 342,747; East Asian-based: Ncase = 36,614, Ncontrol = 155,150) and PAD (European-based: Ncase = 5673, Ncontrol = 359,551; East Asian-based: Ncase = 3593, Ncontrol = 208,860), we explored the genetic correlation and putative causal relationship between T2D and PAD in both Europeans and East Asians using linkage disequilibrium score regression and seven Mendelian randomization (MR) models. We also performed multi-trait analysis of GWAS and two gene-based analyses to reveal candidate variants and risk genes involved in the shared genetic basis between T2D and PAD.
RESULTS: We observed a strong genetic correlation (rg) between T2D and PAD in both Europeans (rg = 0.51; p-value = 9.34 × 10-15) and East Asians (rg = 0.46; p-value = 1.67 × 10-12). The MR analyses provided consistent evidence for a causal effect of T2D on PAD in both ethnicities (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05 to 1.28 for Europeans and 1.15 to 1.27 for East Asians) but not PAD on T2D. This putative causal effect was not influenced by total cholesterol, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, or smoking initiation according to multivariable MR analysis, and the genetic overlap between T2D and PAD was further explored employing an independent European sample through polygenic risk score regression. Multi-trait analysis of GWAS revealed two novel European-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs927742 and rs1734409) associated with the shared genetic basis of T2D and PAD. Gene-based analyses consistently identified one gene ANKFY1 and gene-gene interactions (e.g., STARD10 [European-specific] to AP3S2 [East Asian-specific]; KCNJ11 [European-specific] to KCNQ1 [East Asian-specific]) associated with the trans-ethnic genetic overlap between T2D and PAD, reflecting a common genetic basis for the co-occurrence of T2D and PAD in both Europeans and East Asians.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the first evidence for a genetically causal effect of T2D on PAD in both Europeans and East Asians. Several candidate variants and risk genes were identified as being associated with this genetic overlap. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring PAD status in T2D patients and suggest new genetic biomarkers for screening PAD risk among patients with T2D.
(Less)
- author
- Xiu, Xuehao
; Zhang, Haoyang
LU
; Xue, Angli
; Cooper, David N
; Yan, Li
; Yang, Yuedong
; Yang, Yuanhao
and Zhao, Huiying
- publishing date
- 2022-08-31
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- keywords
- Asian People/genetics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications, Phosphate-Binding Proteins/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- in
- BMC Medicine
- volume
- 20
- issue
- 1
- article number
- 300
- publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:36042491
- scopus:85136959293
- ISSN
- 1741-7015
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12916-022-02476-0
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- no
- additional info
- © 2022. The Author(s).
- id
- 369b78bd-30e1-4c9d-8829-b26a90f4c834
- date added to LUP
- 2024-02-05 15:12:31
- date last changed
- 2024-07-01 16:35:47
@article{369b78bd-30e1-4c9d-8829-b26a90f4c834,
abstract = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Observational studies have revealed that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, whether the two diseases share a genetic basis and whether the relationship is causal remain unclear. It is also unclear as to whether these relationships differ between ethnic groups.</p><p>METHODS: By leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D (European-based: Ncase = 21,926, Ncontrol = 342,747; East Asian-based: Ncase = 36,614, Ncontrol = 155,150) and PAD (European-based: Ncase = 5673, Ncontrol = 359,551; East Asian-based: Ncase = 3593, Ncontrol = 208,860), we explored the genetic correlation and putative causal relationship between T2D and PAD in both Europeans and East Asians using linkage disequilibrium score regression and seven Mendelian randomization (MR) models. We also performed multi-trait analysis of GWAS and two gene-based analyses to reveal candidate variants and risk genes involved in the shared genetic basis between T2D and PAD.</p><p>RESULTS: We observed a strong genetic correlation (rg) between T2D and PAD in both Europeans (rg = 0.51; p-value = 9.34 × 10-15) and East Asians (rg = 0.46; p-value = 1.67 × 10-12). The MR analyses provided consistent evidence for a causal effect of T2D on PAD in both ethnicities (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05 to 1.28 for Europeans and 1.15 to 1.27 for East Asians) but not PAD on T2D. This putative causal effect was not influenced by total cholesterol, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, or smoking initiation according to multivariable MR analysis, and the genetic overlap between T2D and PAD was further explored employing an independent European sample through polygenic risk score regression. Multi-trait analysis of GWAS revealed two novel European-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs927742 and rs1734409) associated with the shared genetic basis of T2D and PAD. Gene-based analyses consistently identified one gene ANKFY1 and gene-gene interactions (e.g., STARD10 [European-specific] to AP3S2 [East Asian-specific]; KCNJ11 [European-specific] to KCNQ1 [East Asian-specific]) associated with the trans-ethnic genetic overlap between T2D and PAD, reflecting a common genetic basis for the co-occurrence of T2D and PAD in both Europeans and East Asians.</p><p>CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the first evidence for a genetically causal effect of T2D on PAD in both Europeans and East Asians. Several candidate variants and risk genes were identified as being associated with this genetic overlap. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring PAD status in T2D patients and suggest new genetic biomarkers for screening PAD risk among patients with T2D.</p>}},
author = {{Xiu, Xuehao and Zhang, Haoyang and Xue, Angli and Cooper, David N and Yan, Li and Yang, Yuedong and Yang, Yuanhao and Zhao, Huiying}},
issn = {{1741-7015}},
keywords = {{Asian People/genetics; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications; Phosphate-Binding Proteins/genetics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{08}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
series = {{BMC Medicine}},
title = {{Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease in both Europeans and East Asians}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02476-0}},
doi = {{10.1186/s12916-022-02476-0}},
volume = {{20}},
year = {{2022}},
}