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Characterization of the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Process

Hultqvist, Anders LU (2002)
Abstract
The main objective of this project was to characterize the HCCI combustion process. Central parts in the project were the progress of the HCCI combustion process, the influence of charge homogeneity on the combustion process and sources of UHC and CO emissions in HCCI combustion. Some of these parts were experimentally explored by applying non-perturbing optical diagnostics to the HCCI combustion process in engines with optical access. Other aspects were examined through regular engine testing while measuring pressures, temperatures and the regulated emissions of CO, NOx and UHC. From the conducted experiments and the discussion regarding these, it can be concluded that due to charge heterogeneities in temperature, air/fuel equivalence... (More)
The main objective of this project was to characterize the HCCI combustion process. Central parts in the project were the progress of the HCCI combustion process, the influence of charge homogeneity on the combustion process and sources of UHC and CO emissions in HCCI combustion. Some of these parts were experimentally explored by applying non-perturbing optical diagnostics to the HCCI combustion process in engines with optical access. Other aspects were examined through regular engine testing while measuring pressures, temperatures and the regulated emissions of CO, NOx and UHC. From the conducted experiments and the discussion regarding these, it can be concluded that due to charge heterogeneities in temperature, air/fuel equivalence ratio or residual gases, the HCCI combustion process starts in many areas simultaneously. The ignition process is slow compared to the main heat release. It features a gradual start of combustion with small gradients between burned and unburned gases. The main heat release is characterized by the rapid growth of burned areas. Towards the end of combustion, the expanding areas of burned gas compress the areas of unburned gases, generating strong gradients between burned and unburned areas. Due to the cool gas along the combustion chamber walls and in the crevices, the combustion in these areas is delayed or not at all initiated. Near-wall combustion and wall quenching was not found to be a major source of UHC. Combustion chamber crevices proved to be major contributors to the emissions of UHC in HCCI engines. To support the experimental observations and provide explanations to the essential features of the HCCI combustion process, a conceptual model is proposed in this work. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Dibble, Robert, University of California, Berkeley
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
akustik, Motors and propulsion systems, Motorer, framdrivningssystem, Termisk teknik, termodynamik, Thermal engineering, applied thermodynamics, vakuumteknik, hydraulik, Maskinteknik, vibration and acoustic engineering, hydraulics, vacuum technology, ATAC, Mechanical engineering, MK, CAI, TS, MULDIC, PREDIC, HCCI, fuel tracer, combustion, injection, direct, port, engine, LDV, LIF, PLIF, vibrationer
pages
293 pages
publisher
Division of Combustion Engines, Lund Institute of Technology
defense location
Room M:A, M-Building, LTH
defense date
2002-03-15 10:15:00
external identifiers
  • other:ISRN:LUTMDN/TMVK -- 1030 -- SE
ISBN
91-7874-173-4
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Article: 1.”Optical Diagnostics Applied to a Naturally Aspirated Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine”, Mattias Richter, Axel Franke, Marcus Alden, Anders Hultqvist, Bengt Johansson, SAE 1999-01-3649, SAE International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Toronto, Canada, 1999 Article: 2.“Demonstrating the Multi Fuel Capability of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine with Variable Compression Ratio”, Magnus Christensen, Anders Hultqvist, Bengt Johansson, SAE 1999-01-3679, SAE International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Toronto, Canada, 1999 Article: 3.“A Study of the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Process by Chemiluminescence Imaging ”, Anders Hultqvist, Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson, Axel Franke, Mattias Richter, Marcus Alden, SAE 1999-01-3680, SAE International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Toronto, Canada, 1999 Article: 4.“Near Wall Combustion in a Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine”, Anders Hultqvist, Bengt Johansson, Magnus Christensen, Mattias Richter, Johan Engström, Axel Franke, Proceedings from the 4:th International Symposium on Internal Combustion Diagnostics, pp 83-90, Baden-Baden, 18-19 May, 2000 Article: 5.“The Application of Ceramic and Catalytic Coatings to Reduce the Unburned Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine”, Anders Hultqvist, Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson, SAE 2000-01-1833, SAE International Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Paris, 2000 Article: 6.“The Influence of Charge Inhomgeneity on the HCCI Combustion Process”, Mattias Richter, Axel Franke, Johan Engstrom, Anders Hultqvist, Bengt Johansson, Marcus Alden, SAE 2000-01-2868, SAE International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Baltimore, 2000 Article: 7.“Reacting Boundary Layers in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine”, Anders Hultqvist, Ulf Engdar, Bengt Johansson, Jens Klingmann, SAE 2001-01-1032, SAE World Congress, Detroit, 2001 Article: 8.”The Effect of Topland Geometry on Emissions of Unburned Hydrocarbons from a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine”, Magnus Christensen, Anders Hultqvist, Bengt Johansson, SAE 2001-01-1893, SAE International Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Orlando, 2001 Article: 9.“The Heterogeneous Combustion Process in an HCCI Engine – Optical Characterization of Fluctuations and Length Scales”, Anders Hultqvist, Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson, Proceedings of the IFP International Congress, pp. 55-67,IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 26-27 November, 2001 Article: 10.“The HCCI Combustion Process in a Single Cycle - High-Speed Fuel Tracer LIF and Chemiluminescence Imaging”, Anders Hultqvist, Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson, Jenny Nygren, Mattias Richter, Johan Hult, Marcus Aldén, SAE 2002-01-0424, SAE World Congress 2002, Detroit, Michigan, 2002 Article: 11.“The Effect of Combustion Chamber Geometry on HCCI Operation”, Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson and Anders Hultqvist, SAE 2002-01-0425, SAE World Congress 2002, Detroit, Michigan, 2002 Article: 12.“Application of a High Speed Laser Diagnostic System for Single-Cycle Resolved Imaging in IC Engines”, Johan Hult, Mattias Richter, Jenny Nygren, Marcus Aldén, Anders Hultqvist, Magnus Christensen and Bengt Johansson, Submitted for publication to Applied Optics 2001-10-29 Article: 13.“Three-dimensional Laser Induced Fluorescence of Fuel Distributions in an HCCI Engine”, Jenny Nygren, Johan Hult, Mattias Richter, Marcus Aldén, Magnus Christensen, Anders Hultqvist and Bengt Johansson, Submitted for publication to the Combustion Institute, 2001-11-30
id
2726a76e-d554-4568-9a8f-eb9e05f75c05 (old id 464410)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 15:27:54
date last changed
2018-11-21 20:34:35
@phdthesis{2726a76e-d554-4568-9a8f-eb9e05f75c05,
  abstract     = {{The main objective of this project was to characterize the HCCI combustion process. Central parts in the project were the progress of the HCCI combustion process, the influence of charge homogeneity on the combustion process and sources of UHC and CO emissions in HCCI combustion. Some of these parts were experimentally explored by applying non-perturbing optical diagnostics to the HCCI combustion process in engines with optical access. Other aspects were examined through regular engine testing while measuring pressures, temperatures and the regulated emissions of CO, NOx and UHC. From the conducted experiments and the discussion regarding these, it can be concluded that due to charge heterogeneities in temperature, air/fuel equivalence ratio or residual gases, the HCCI combustion process starts in many areas simultaneously. The ignition process is slow compared to the main heat release. It features a gradual start of combustion with small gradients between burned and unburned gases. The main heat release is characterized by the rapid growth of burned areas. Towards the end of combustion, the expanding areas of burned gas compress the areas of unburned gases, generating strong gradients between burned and unburned areas. Due to the cool gas along the combustion chamber walls and in the crevices, the combustion in these areas is delayed or not at all initiated. Near-wall combustion and wall quenching was not found to be a major source of UHC. Combustion chamber crevices proved to be major contributors to the emissions of UHC in HCCI engines. To support the experimental observations and provide explanations to the essential features of the HCCI combustion process, a conceptual model is proposed in this work.}},
  author       = {{Hultqvist, Anders}},
  isbn         = {{91-7874-173-4}},
  keywords     = {{akustik; Motors and propulsion systems; Motorer; framdrivningssystem; Termisk teknik; termodynamik; Thermal engineering; applied thermodynamics; vakuumteknik; hydraulik; Maskinteknik; vibration and acoustic engineering; hydraulics; vacuum technology; ATAC; Mechanical engineering; MK; CAI; TS; MULDIC; PREDIC; HCCI; fuel tracer; combustion; injection; direct; port; engine; LDV; LIF; PLIF; vibrationer}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Division of Combustion Engines, Lund Institute of Technology}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Characterization of the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Process}},
  year         = {{2002}},
}