Quantitative characterization of liquids flowing in geometrically controlled sub-100 nm nanofluidic channels
(2023) In Analytical Sciences 39(6). p.779-784- Abstract
With development of nanotechnologies, applications exploiting nanospaces such as single-molecule analysis and high-efficiency separation have been reported, and understanding properties of fluid flows in 101 nm to 102 nm scale spaces becomes important. Nanofluidics has provided a platform of nanochannels with defined size and geometry, and revealed various unique liquid properties including higher water viscosity with dominant surface effects in 102 nm spaces. However, experimental investigation of fluid flows in 101 nm spaces is still difficult owing to lack of fabrication procedure for 101 nm nanochannels with smooth walls and precisely controlled geometry. In the present study,... (More)
With development of nanotechnologies, applications exploiting nanospaces such as single-molecule analysis and high-efficiency separation have been reported, and understanding properties of fluid flows in 101 nm to 102 nm scale spaces becomes important. Nanofluidics has provided a platform of nanochannels with defined size and geometry, and revealed various unique liquid properties including higher water viscosity with dominant surface effects in 102 nm spaces. However, experimental investigation of fluid flows in 101 nm spaces is still difficult owing to lack of fabrication procedure for 101 nm nanochannels with smooth walls and precisely controlled geometry. In the present study, we established a top-down fabrication process to realize fused-silica nanochannels with 101 nm scale size, 100 nm roughness and rectangular cross-sectional shape with an aspect ratio of 1. Utilizing a method of mass flowmetry developed by our group, accurate measurements of ultra-low flow rates in sub-100 nm nanochannels with sizes of 70 nm and 100 nm were demonstrated. The results suggested that the viscosity of water in these sub-100 nm nanochannels was approximately 5 times higher than that in the bulk, while that of dimethyl sulfoxide was similar to the bulk value. The obtained liquid permeability in the nanochannels can be explained by a hypothesis of loosely structured liquid phase near the wall generated by interactions between the surface silanol groups and protic solvent molecules. The present results suggest the importance of considering the species of solvent, the surface chemical groups, and the size and geometry of nanospaces when designing nanofluidic devices and membranes. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
(Less)
- author
- Kazoe, Yutaka ; Ikeda, Keisuke ; Mino, Kensuke ; Morikawa, Kyojiro ; Mawatari, Kazuma and Kitamori, Takehiko LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023-06
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Flow rate, Nanochannel, Nanofluidics, Pressure-driven flow, Water
- in
- Analytical Sciences
- volume
- 39
- issue
- 6
- pages
- 6 pages
- publisher
- Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85149407636
- pmid:36884162
- ISSN
- 0910-6340
- DOI
- 10.1007/s44211-023-00311-x
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry.
- id
- 473e49ad-9c8b-428a-9e21-23ea0e20b516
- date added to LUP
- 2024-01-12 14:23:31
- date last changed
- 2024-04-27 11:01:01
@article{473e49ad-9c8b-428a-9e21-23ea0e20b516,
abstract = {{<p>With development of nanotechnologies, applications exploiting nanospaces such as single-molecule analysis and high-efficiency separation have been reported, and understanding properties of fluid flows in 10<sup>1</sup> nm to 10<sup>2</sup> nm scale spaces becomes important. Nanofluidics has provided a platform of nanochannels with defined size and geometry, and revealed various unique liquid properties including higher water viscosity with dominant surface effects in 10<sup>2</sup> nm spaces. However, experimental investigation of fluid flows in 10<sup>1</sup> nm spaces is still difficult owing to lack of fabrication procedure for 10<sup>1</sup> nm nanochannels with smooth walls and precisely controlled geometry. In the present study, we established a top-down fabrication process to realize fused-silica nanochannels with 10<sup>1</sup> nm scale size, 10<sup>0</sup> nm roughness and rectangular cross-sectional shape with an aspect ratio of 1. Utilizing a method of mass flowmetry developed by our group, accurate measurements of ultra-low flow rates in sub-100 nm nanochannels with sizes of 70 nm and 100 nm were demonstrated. The results suggested that the viscosity of water in these sub-100 nm nanochannels was approximately 5 times higher than that in the bulk, while that of dimethyl sulfoxide was similar to the bulk value. The obtained liquid permeability in the nanochannels can be explained by a hypothesis of loosely structured liquid phase near the wall generated by interactions between the surface silanol groups and protic solvent molecules. The present results suggest the importance of considering the species of solvent, the surface chemical groups, and the size and geometry of nanospaces when designing nanofluidic devices and membranes. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].</p>}},
author = {{Kazoe, Yutaka and Ikeda, Keisuke and Mino, Kensuke and Morikawa, Kyojiro and Mawatari, Kazuma and Kitamori, Takehiko}},
issn = {{0910-6340}},
keywords = {{Flow rate; Nanochannel; Nanofluidics; Pressure-driven flow; Water}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{6}},
pages = {{779--784}},
publisher = {{Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry}},
series = {{Analytical Sciences}},
title = {{Quantitative characterization of liquids flowing in geometrically controlled sub-100 nm nanofluidic channels}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44211-023-00311-x}},
doi = {{10.1007/s44211-023-00311-x}},
volume = {{39}},
year = {{2023}},
}