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2-Cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate, a new contact allergen found in accelerator-free nitrile gloves

Ljungberg Silic, Linda LU ; Persson, Christina LU ; Pesonen, Maria ; Suuronen, Katri ; Svedman, Cecilia LU and Bergendorff, Ola LU (2024) In Contact Dermatitis
Abstract

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from rubber glove usage is usually caused by rubber additives such as the accelerators. However, in analyses of the suspected gloves, ordinary rubber allergens are not always found. Accelerator-free rubber gloves are available, but some patients with accelerator allergy do not tolerate them and might also be patch test positive to them. Objectives: To identify and chemically characterize a new allergen, 2-cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate (CEDMC), in rubber gloves. We describe two patient cases: patient 1 that led us to the identification of CEDMC and patient 2 with occupational ACD caused by CEDMC. Methods: The patients were examined with patch testing including baseline and rubber series,... (More)

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from rubber glove usage is usually caused by rubber additives such as the accelerators. However, in analyses of the suspected gloves, ordinary rubber allergens are not always found. Accelerator-free rubber gloves are available, but some patients with accelerator allergy do not tolerate them and might also be patch test positive to them. Objectives: To identify and chemically characterize a new allergen, 2-cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate (CEDMC), in rubber gloves. We describe two patient cases: patient 1 that led us to the identification of CEDMC and patient 2 with occupational ACD caused by CEDMC. Methods: The patients were examined with patch testing including baseline and rubber series, and their own rubber gloves. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for chemical analysis of rubber gloves. The allergen was synthesized and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and infrared spectrometry, and tested on patient 2. Results: CEDMC was identified by HPLC in a nitrile glove associated with hand eczema in patient 1. Patient 2 whose nitrile gloves contained CEDMC was patch test positive to CEDMC. Conclusions: CEDMC is a new contact allergen in nitrile gloves and probably forms during vulcanization from residual monomer acrylonitrile and rubber additives.

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organization
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Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
2-cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate, allergic contact dermatitis, CAS no. 10264-38-7, chemical analysis, gloves, rubber additive, rubber chemicals, vulcanization
in
Contact Dermatitis
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85190468503
  • pmid:38602297
ISSN
0105-1873
DOI
10.1111/cod.14553
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
49444194-5943-47e7-b2ae-916f1e497b5a
date added to LUP
2024-05-20 14:39:36
date last changed
2024-06-17 16:17:26
@article{49444194-5943-47e7-b2ae-916f1e497b5a,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from rubber glove usage is usually caused by rubber additives such as the accelerators. However, in analyses of the suspected gloves, ordinary rubber allergens are not always found. Accelerator-free rubber gloves are available, but some patients with accelerator allergy do not tolerate them and might also be patch test positive to them. Objectives: To identify and chemically characterize a new allergen, 2-cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate (CEDMC), in rubber gloves. We describe two patient cases: patient 1 that led us to the identification of CEDMC and patient 2 with occupational ACD caused by CEDMC. Methods: The patients were examined with patch testing including baseline and rubber series, and their own rubber gloves. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for chemical analysis of rubber gloves. The allergen was synthesized and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and infrared spectrometry, and tested on patient 2. Results: CEDMC was identified by HPLC in a nitrile glove associated with hand eczema in patient 1. Patient 2 whose nitrile gloves contained CEDMC was patch test positive to CEDMC. Conclusions: CEDMC is a new contact allergen in nitrile gloves and probably forms during vulcanization from residual monomer acrylonitrile and rubber additives.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ljungberg Silic, Linda and Persson, Christina and Pesonen, Maria and Suuronen, Katri and Svedman, Cecilia and Bergendorff, Ola}},
  issn         = {{0105-1873}},
  keywords     = {{2-cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate; allergic contact dermatitis; CAS no. 10264-38-7; chemical analysis; gloves; rubber additive; rubber chemicals; vulcanization}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Contact Dermatitis}},
  title        = {{2-Cyanoethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate, a new contact allergen found in accelerator-free nitrile gloves}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.14553}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/cod.14553}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}