Risk and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with oxygen-dependent chronic respiratory failure– a national cohort study
(2023) In Respiratory Medicine 218.- Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate cumulative occurrence and impact of COVID-19 in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) treated with long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). Material and methods: Data were obtained from the SCIFI-PEARL study on the entire Swedish population and on patients with oxygen-dependent CRF and no COVID-19 diagnosis before start of LTOT. Analyses were performed for three time periods; pre-alpha (Jan–Dec 2020), alpha (Jan–Mar 2021) and delta/omicron (Apr 2021–May 2022). Cumulative incidence of laboratory-verified COVID-19 was compared between patients with CRF and the general population. Risk factors for severe (hospitalised) to critical (intensive care, or death ≤30 days after infection) COVID-19, and the... (More)
Background: We aimed to evaluate cumulative occurrence and impact of COVID-19 in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) treated with long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). Material and methods: Data were obtained from the SCIFI-PEARL study on the entire Swedish population and on patients with oxygen-dependent CRF and no COVID-19 diagnosis before start of LTOT. Analyses were performed for three time periods; pre-alpha (Jan–Dec 2020), alpha (Jan–Mar 2021) and delta/omicron (Apr 2021–May 2022). Cumulative incidence of laboratory-verified COVID-19 was compared between patients with CRF and the general population. Risk factors for severe (hospitalised) to critical (intensive care, or death ≤30 days after infection) COVID-19, and the impact of COVID-19 on one-year mortality, were analysed using multivariable Cox regression. Results: Cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was higher in patients with CRF than in the general population during the pre-alpha period (6.4%/4.9%, p = 0.002), but less common during the alpha and delta/omicron periods (2.9%/3.8% and 7.8%/15.5%, p < 0.0001 for both). The risk of severe/critical COVID-19 was much higher in CRF patients during all periods (4.9%/0.5%, 3.8%/0.2% and 15.5%/0.5%, p < 0.0001 for all). Risk factors for COVID-19 infection in people with CRF were higher age, cardiovascular and renal disease, and COVID-19 was associated with increased one-year mortality following infection in the pre-alpha (HR 1.79; [95% CI] 1.27–2.53) and alpha periods (1.43; 1.03–1.99). Conclusion: Patients with CRF had higher risk of severe/critical COVID-19 than the general population. COVID-19 infection was associated with excess one-year mortality.
(Less)
- author
- Sundh, Josefin ; Palm, Andreas ; Ljunggren, Mirjam ; Emilsson, Össur Ingi ; Grote, Ludger ; Cajander, Sara ; Li, Huiqi ; Nyberg, Fredrik and Ekström, Magnus LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023-11
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- COVID-19, Hypoxic chronic respiratory failure, Long-term oxygen therapy, Mortality, Risk factors
- in
- Respiratory Medicine
- volume
- 218
- article number
- 107392
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:37598894
- scopus:85168724441
- ISSN
- 0954-6111
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107392
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 4d04adb3-646a-427a-a18c-d132245c4e13
- date added to LUP
- 2023-10-24 15:53:01
- date last changed
- 2024-04-19 02:52:18
@article{4d04adb3-646a-427a-a18c-d132245c4e13, abstract = {{<p>Background: We aimed to evaluate cumulative occurrence and impact of COVID-19 in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) treated with long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). Material and methods: Data were obtained from the SCIFI-PEARL study on the entire Swedish population and on patients with oxygen-dependent CRF and no COVID-19 diagnosis before start of LTOT. Analyses were performed for three time periods; pre-alpha (Jan–Dec 2020), alpha (Jan–Mar 2021) and delta/omicron (Apr 2021–May 2022). Cumulative incidence of laboratory-verified COVID-19 was compared between patients with CRF and the general population. Risk factors for severe (hospitalised) to critical (intensive care, or death ≤30 days after infection) COVID-19, and the impact of COVID-19 on one-year mortality, were analysed using multivariable Cox regression. Results: Cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was higher in patients with CRF than in the general population during the pre-alpha period (6.4%/4.9%, p = 0.002), but less common during the alpha and delta/omicron periods (2.9%/3.8% and 7.8%/15.5%, p < 0.0001 for both). The risk of severe/critical COVID-19 was much higher in CRF patients during all periods (4.9%/0.5%, 3.8%/0.2% and 15.5%/0.5%, p < 0.0001 for all). Risk factors for COVID-19 infection in people with CRF were higher age, cardiovascular and renal disease, and COVID-19 was associated with increased one-year mortality following infection in the pre-alpha (HR 1.79; [95% CI] 1.27–2.53) and alpha periods (1.43; 1.03–1.99). Conclusion: Patients with CRF had higher risk of severe/critical COVID-19 than the general population. COVID-19 infection was associated with excess one-year mortality.</p>}}, author = {{Sundh, Josefin and Palm, Andreas and Ljunggren, Mirjam and Emilsson, Össur Ingi and Grote, Ludger and Cajander, Sara and Li, Huiqi and Nyberg, Fredrik and Ekström, Magnus}}, issn = {{0954-6111}}, keywords = {{COVID-19; Hypoxic chronic respiratory failure; Long-term oxygen therapy; Mortality; Risk factors}}, language = {{eng}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, series = {{Respiratory Medicine}}, title = {{Risk and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with oxygen-dependent chronic respiratory failure– a national cohort study}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107392}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107392}}, volume = {{218}}, year = {{2023}}, }