Evolution of novel wood decay mechanisms in Agaricales revealed by the genome sequences of Fistulina hepatica and Cylindrobasidium torrendii
(2015) In Fungal Genetics and Biology 76. p.78-92- Abstract
- Wood decay mechanisms in Agaricomycotina have been traditionally separated in two categories termed white and brown rot. Recently the accuracy of such a dichotomy has been questioned. Here, we present the genome sequences of the white-rot fungus Cylindrobasidium torrendii and the brown-rot fungus Fistulina hepatica both members of Agaricales, combining comparative genomics and wood decay experiments. C torrendii is closely related to the white-rot root pathogen Armillaria mellea, while F. hepatica is related to Schizophyllum commune, which has been reported to cause white rot. Our results suggest that C torrendii and S. commune are intermediate between white-rot and brown-rot fungi, but at the same time they show characteristics of decay... (More)
- Wood decay mechanisms in Agaricomycotina have been traditionally separated in two categories termed white and brown rot. Recently the accuracy of such a dichotomy has been questioned. Here, we present the genome sequences of the white-rot fungus Cylindrobasidium torrendii and the brown-rot fungus Fistulina hepatica both members of Agaricales, combining comparative genomics and wood decay experiments. C torrendii is closely related to the white-rot root pathogen Armillaria mellea, while F. hepatica is related to Schizophyllum commune, which has been reported to cause white rot. Our results suggest that C torrendii and S. commune are intermediate between white-rot and brown-rot fungi, but at the same time they show characteristics of decay that resembles soft rot. Both species cause weak wood decay and degrade all wood components but leave the middle lamella intact. Their gene content related to lignin degradation is reduced, similar to brown-rot fungi, but both have maintained a rich array of genes related to carbohydrate degradation, similar to white-rot fungi. These characteristics appear to have evolved from white-rot ancestors with stronger ligninolytic ability. F. hepatica shows characteristics of brown rot both in terms of wood decay genes found in its genome and the decay that it causes. However, genes related to cellulose degradation are still present, which is a plesiomorphic characteristic shared with its white-rot ancestors. Four wood degradation-related genes, homologs of which are frequently lost in brown-rot fungi, show signs of pseudogenization in the genome of F. hepatica. These results suggest that transition toward a brown-rot lifestyle could be an ongoing process in F. hepatica. Our results reinforce the idea that wood decay mechanisms are more diverse than initially thought and that the dichotomous separation of wood decay mechanisms in Agaricomycotina into white rot and brown rot should be revisited. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (Less)
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- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2015
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Wood decay, White rot, Brown rot, Reconciliation, Pseudogenes, Genome, sequencing
- in
- Fungal Genetics and Biology
- volume
- 76
- pages
- 78 - 92
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000353527200009
- scopus:84925003901
- pmid:25683379
- ISSN
- 1087-1845
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.002
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- b37d71f5-84aa-404e-9c61-b15a4a42e195 (old id 5401135)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 13:43:53
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- 2022-03-14 01:37:20
@article{b37d71f5-84aa-404e-9c61-b15a4a42e195,
abstract = {{Wood decay mechanisms in Agaricomycotina have been traditionally separated in two categories termed white and brown rot. Recently the accuracy of such a dichotomy has been questioned. Here, we present the genome sequences of the white-rot fungus Cylindrobasidium torrendii and the brown-rot fungus Fistulina hepatica both members of Agaricales, combining comparative genomics and wood decay experiments. C torrendii is closely related to the white-rot root pathogen Armillaria mellea, while F. hepatica is related to Schizophyllum commune, which has been reported to cause white rot. Our results suggest that C torrendii and S. commune are intermediate between white-rot and brown-rot fungi, but at the same time they show characteristics of decay that resembles soft rot. Both species cause weak wood decay and degrade all wood components but leave the middle lamella intact. Their gene content related to lignin degradation is reduced, similar to brown-rot fungi, but both have maintained a rich array of genes related to carbohydrate degradation, similar to white-rot fungi. These characteristics appear to have evolved from white-rot ancestors with stronger ligninolytic ability. F. hepatica shows characteristics of brown rot both in terms of wood decay genes found in its genome and the decay that it causes. However, genes related to cellulose degradation are still present, which is a plesiomorphic characteristic shared with its white-rot ancestors. Four wood degradation-related genes, homologs of which are frequently lost in brown-rot fungi, show signs of pseudogenization in the genome of F. hepatica. These results suggest that transition toward a brown-rot lifestyle could be an ongoing process in F. hepatica. Our results reinforce the idea that wood decay mechanisms are more diverse than initially thought and that the dichotomous separation of wood decay mechanisms in Agaricomycotina into white rot and brown rot should be revisited. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}},
author = {{Floudas, Dimitrios and Held, Benjamin W. and Riley, Robert and Nagy, Laszlo G. and Koehler, Gage and Ransdell, Anthony S. and Younus, Hina and Chow, Julianna and Chiniquy, Jennifer and Lipzen, Anna and Tritt, Andrew and Sun, Hui and Haridas, Sajeet and LaButti, Kurt and Ohm, Robin A. and Kuees, Ursula and Blanchette, Robert A. and Grigoriev, Igor V. and Minto, Robert E. and Hibbett, David S.}},
issn = {{1087-1845}},
keywords = {{Wood decay; White rot; Brown rot; Reconciliation; Pseudogenes; Genome; sequencing}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{78--92}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Fungal Genetics and Biology}},
title = {{Evolution of novel wood decay mechanisms in Agaricales revealed by the genome sequences of Fistulina hepatica and Cylindrobasidium torrendii}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.002}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.002}},
volume = {{76}},
year = {{2015}},
}