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Primate models for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Evolution of receptor use during pathogenesis.

Vödrös, Dalma LU and Fenyö, Eva Maria LU (2004) In Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica 51(1-2). p.1-29
Abstract
Animal models greatly facilitate understanding of transmission, pathogenesis and immune responses in HIV and SIV infection and provide models for studies on the effect of candidate drugs or vaccines. However, there are several aspects that one should consider when drawing conclusions from results obtained from animal models. First, the genetic relationship of primate lentiviruses cannot be disregarded because it is known that HIV-1 is more closely related to SIV of chimpanzee origin (SIVcpz) than to SIV from sooty mangabey (SIVsm) origin. Nevertheless, SIVsm and SIVmac are the ones most often used as model systems. Second, there are differences in the biological properties, like CXCR4 use and CD4-independent coreceptor use, of HIV and SIV.... (More)
Animal models greatly facilitate understanding of transmission, pathogenesis and immune responses in HIV and SIV infection and provide models for studies on the effect of candidate drugs or vaccines. However, there are several aspects that one should consider when drawing conclusions from results obtained from animal models. First, the genetic relationship of primate lentiviruses cannot be disregarded because it is known that HIV-1 is more closely related to SIV of chimpanzee origin (SIVcpz) than to SIV from sooty mangabey (SIVsm) origin. Nevertheless, SIVsm and SIVmac are the ones most often used as model systems. Second, there are differences in the biological properties, like CXCR4 use and CD4-independent coreceptor use, of HIV and SIV. These differences might be relevant in virus transmission, pathogenesis and in evoking immune responses. Third, in vivo and in vitro selection may influence the results. Neutralizing antibodies may play a role in selection of variant viruses since neutralization sensitive, CD4-independent SIVsm variants seemed to be suppressed in animals that mounted a neutralizing antibody response. It is tempting to speculate that neutralizing antibodies shape the SIV/HIV infection by selecting variants with a more "closed" envelope conformation with consequences for both receptor binding and neutralization sensitivity. The SIV/monkey model, although it has important advantages, may not answer all questions asked about HIV-1 infection in human. (Less)
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author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
volume
51
issue
1-2
pages
1 - 29
publisher
Akademiai Kiado
external identifiers
  • scopus:4444322680
ISSN
1588-2640
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5887463c-29d3-4933-8d92-14374998085d (old id 127435)
alternative location
http://www.akkrt.hu/kerdesek/reszletes_hjour.jsp?id=030
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 12:16:22
date last changed
2022-01-27 01:22:56
@article{5887463c-29d3-4933-8d92-14374998085d,
  abstract     = {{Animal models greatly facilitate understanding of transmission, pathogenesis and immune responses in HIV and SIV infection and provide models for studies on the effect of candidate drugs or vaccines. However, there are several aspects that one should consider when drawing conclusions from results obtained from animal models. First, the genetic relationship of primate lentiviruses cannot be disregarded because it is known that HIV-1 is more closely related to SIV of chimpanzee origin (SIVcpz) than to SIV from sooty mangabey (SIVsm) origin. Nevertheless, SIVsm and SIVmac are the ones most often used as model systems. Second, there are differences in the biological properties, like CXCR4 use and CD4-independent coreceptor use, of HIV and SIV. These differences might be relevant in virus transmission, pathogenesis and in evoking immune responses. Third, in vivo and in vitro selection may influence the results. Neutralizing antibodies may play a role in selection of variant viruses since neutralization sensitive, CD4-independent SIVsm variants seemed to be suppressed in animals that mounted a neutralizing antibody response. It is tempting to speculate that neutralizing antibodies shape the SIV/HIV infection by selecting variants with a more "closed" envelope conformation with consequences for both receptor binding and neutralization sensitivity. The SIV/monkey model, although it has important advantages, may not answer all questions asked about HIV-1 infection in human.}},
  author       = {{Vödrös, Dalma and Fenyö, Eva Maria}},
  issn         = {{1588-2640}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1-2}},
  pages        = {{1--29}},
  publisher    = {{Akademiai Kiado}},
  series       = {{Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica}},
  title        = {{Primate models for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Evolution of receptor use during pathogenesis.}},
  url          = {{http://www.akkrt.hu/kerdesek/reszletes_hjour.jsp?id=030}},
  volume       = {{51}},
  year         = {{2004}},
}