The origin of the H αline profiles in simulated disc galaxies
(2024) In Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 534(1). p.135-150- Abstract
Observations of ionized H αgas in high-redshift disc galaxies have ubiquitously found significant line broadening, σH α∼10 -100 km s-1 . To understand whether this broadening reflects gas turbulence within the interstellar medium (ISM) of galactic discs, or arises from out-of-plane emission in mass-loaded outflows, we perform radiation hydrodynamic simulations of isolated Milky Way-mass disc galaxies in a gas-poor (low-redshift) and gas rich (high-redshift) condition and create mock H αemission line profiles. We find that the majority of the total (integrated) H αemission is confined within the ISM, with extraplanar gas contributing ∼45 per cent of the extended profile wings ( v z ≥200 km s-1 ) in the gas-rich galaxy. This substantiates... (More)
Observations of ionized H αgas in high-redshift disc galaxies have ubiquitously found significant line broadening, σH α∼10 -100 km s-1 . To understand whether this broadening reflects gas turbulence within the interstellar medium (ISM) of galactic discs, or arises from out-of-plane emission in mass-loaded outflows, we perform radiation hydrodynamic simulations of isolated Milky Way-mass disc galaxies in a gas-poor (low-redshift) and gas rich (high-redshift) condition and create mock H αemission line profiles. We find that the majority of the total (integrated) H αemission is confined within the ISM, with extraplanar gas contributing ∼45 per cent of the extended profile wings ( v z ≥200 km s-1 ) in the gas-rich galaxy. This substantiates using the H αemission line as a tracer of mid-plane disc dynamics. We investigate the relative contribution of diffuse and dense H αemitting gas, corresponding to diffuse ionized gas (DIG; ρ ≲ 0 . 1 cm -3 , T ∼8 000 K) and H II regions ( ρ ≳ 10 cm -3 , T ∼10 000 K), respectively, and find that DIG contributes f DIG ≲ 10 per cent of the total L H α. Ho we ver, the DIG can reach upwards of σH α∼60 -80 km s-1 while the H II regions are much less turbulent σH α∼10 -40 km s-1 . This implies that the σH αobserved using the full H αemission line is dependent on the relative H αcontribution from DIG/H II regions and a larger f DIG would shift σH αto higher v alues. Finally, we sho w that σH αevolves, in both the DIG and H II regions, with the galaxy gas fraction. Our high-redshift equi v alent galaxy is roughly twice as turbulent, except for in the DIG which has a more shallow evolution.
(Less)
- author
- Ejdetjärn, Timmy LU ; Agertz, Oscar LU ; Östlin, Göran ; Rey, Martin P. LU and Renaud, Florent LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2024-10
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- galaxies: disc, galaxies: star formation, ISM: evolution, ISM: kinematics and dynamics, methods: numerical, turbulence
- in
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- volume
- 534
- issue
- 1
- pages
- 16 pages
- publisher
- Oxford University Press
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85204032233
- ISSN
- 0035-8711
- DOI
- 10.1093/mnras/stae2099
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 5a7c4924-575e-43f7-b7e7-08f1216e0740
- date added to LUP
- 2024-11-18 11:31:21
- date last changed
- 2025-04-04 14:29:24
@article{5a7c4924-575e-43f7-b7e7-08f1216e0740, abstract = {{<p>Observations of ionized H αgas in high-redshift disc galaxies have ubiquitously found significant line broadening, σH α∼10 -100 km s-1 . To understand whether this broadening reflects gas turbulence within the interstellar medium (ISM) of galactic discs, or arises from out-of-plane emission in mass-loaded outflows, we perform radiation hydrodynamic simulations of isolated Milky Way-mass disc galaxies in a gas-poor (low-redshift) and gas rich (high-redshift) condition and create mock H αemission line profiles. We find that the majority of the total (integrated) H αemission is confined within the ISM, with extraplanar gas contributing ∼45 per cent of the extended profile wings ( v z ≥200 km s-1 ) in the gas-rich galaxy. This substantiates using the H αemission line as a tracer of mid-plane disc dynamics. We investigate the relative contribution of diffuse and dense H αemitting gas, corresponding to diffuse ionized gas (DIG; ρ ≲ 0 . 1 cm -3 , T ∼8 000 K) and H II regions ( ρ ≳ 10 cm -3 , T ∼10 000 K), respectively, and find that DIG contributes f DIG ≲ 10 per cent of the total L H α. Ho we ver, the DIG can reach upwards of σH α∼60 -80 km s-1 while the H II regions are much less turbulent σH α∼10 -40 km s-1 . This implies that the σH αobserved using the full H αemission line is dependent on the relative H αcontribution from DIG/H II regions and a larger f DIG would shift σH αto higher v alues. Finally, we sho w that σH αevolves, in both the DIG and H II regions, with the galaxy gas fraction. Our high-redshift equi v alent galaxy is roughly twice as turbulent, except for in the DIG which has a more shallow evolution.</p>}}, author = {{Ejdetjärn, Timmy and Agertz, Oscar and Östlin, Göran and Rey, Martin P. and Renaud, Florent}}, issn = {{0035-8711}}, keywords = {{galaxies: disc; galaxies: star formation; ISM: evolution; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; methods: numerical; turbulence}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{135--150}}, publisher = {{Oxford University Press}}, series = {{Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}}, title = {{The origin of the H αline profiles in simulated disc galaxies}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2099}}, doi = {{10.1093/mnras/stae2099}}, volume = {{534}}, year = {{2024}}, }