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Nanostructured TiO2 Grown by Low-Temperature Reactive Sputtering for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Alberti, Alessandra ; Smecca, Emanuele ; Sanzaro, Salvatore ; Bongiorno, Corrado ; Giannazzo, Filippo ; Mannino, Giovanni ; La Magna, Antonino ; Liu, Maning LU orcid ; Vivo, Paola and Listorti, Andrea , et al. (2019) In ACS Applied Energy Materials 2(9). p.6218-6229
Abstract

Low-temperature nanostructured electron-transporting layers (ETLs) for perovskite solar cells are grown by reactive sputtering at 160 °C with thickness in the range 22-76 nm and further stabilization in air at 180 °C to improve the lattice structure and to consequently reduce charge recombination during solar cell operation. In addition, the post-deposition treatment aims at leveling differences among samples to ensure material reproducibility. Nanostructured TiO2 has a further added value in promoting the structural coupling with the perovskite layer and establishing conformal interfaces in favor of the charge extraction from the active material. Nanostructuring of the ETLs also allows the shaping of the band gap width and... (More)

Low-temperature nanostructured electron-transporting layers (ETLs) for perovskite solar cells are grown by reactive sputtering at 160 °C with thickness in the range 22-76 nm and further stabilization in air at 180 °C to improve the lattice structure and to consequently reduce charge recombination during solar cell operation. In addition, the post-deposition treatment aims at leveling differences among samples to ensure material reproducibility. Nanostructured TiO2 has a further added value in promoting the structural coupling with the perovskite layer and establishing conformal interfaces in favor of the charge extraction from the active material. Nanostructuring of the ETLs also allows the shaping of the band gap width and position with a beneficial impact on the electrical parameters, as tested in standard architecture containing methylammonium lead iodide perovskites. A balance among parameters is achieved using a 40-nm-thick TiO2 ETL with a maximum efficiency of ∼15% reached without surface treatments or additional layers. The proposed growth methodology would be compatible with the use of flexible substrates after appropriated ETL structural adaptation. It can be likewise applied in perovskite/silicon-heterojunction tandem solar cells to fulfill the industrial demand for clean, solvent-free, reproducible, reliable, and high-throughput processes.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cyclic voltammetry, material coupling, nanomaterials, PL, TEM, thin films, tunable properties, XRR
in
ACS Applied Energy Materials
volume
2
issue
9
pages
12 pages
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • scopus:85072655578
ISSN
2574-0962
DOI
10.1021/acsaem.9b00708
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
5d2d6e7d-e986-4b08-be00-ce269728720e
date added to LUP
2023-08-24 12:35:47
date last changed
2023-08-28 09:06:57
@article{5d2d6e7d-e986-4b08-be00-ce269728720e,
  abstract     = {{<p>Low-temperature nanostructured electron-transporting layers (ETLs) for perovskite solar cells are grown by reactive sputtering at 160 °C with thickness in the range 22-76 nm and further stabilization in air at 180 °C to improve the lattice structure and to consequently reduce charge recombination during solar cell operation. In addition, the post-deposition treatment aims at leveling differences among samples to ensure material reproducibility. Nanostructured TiO<sub>2</sub> has a further added value in promoting the structural coupling with the perovskite layer and establishing conformal interfaces in favor of the charge extraction from the active material. Nanostructuring of the ETLs also allows the shaping of the band gap width and position with a beneficial impact on the electrical parameters, as tested in standard architecture containing methylammonium lead iodide perovskites. A balance among parameters is achieved using a 40-nm-thick TiO<sub>2</sub> ETL with a maximum efficiency of ∼15% reached without surface treatments or additional layers. The proposed growth methodology would be compatible with the use of flexible substrates after appropriated ETL structural adaptation. It can be likewise applied in perovskite/silicon-heterojunction tandem solar cells to fulfill the industrial demand for clean, solvent-free, reproducible, reliable, and high-throughput processes.</p>}},
  author       = {{Alberti, Alessandra and Smecca, Emanuele and Sanzaro, Salvatore and Bongiorno, Corrado and Giannazzo, Filippo and Mannino, Giovanni and La Magna, Antonino and Liu, Maning and Vivo, Paola and Listorti, Andrea and Calabrò, Emanuele and Matteocci, Fabio and Di Carlo, Aldo}},
  issn         = {{2574-0962}},
  keywords     = {{cyclic voltammetry; material coupling; nanomaterials; PL; TEM; thin films; tunable properties; XRR}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{6218--6229}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{ACS Applied Energy Materials}},
  title        = {{Nanostructured TiO<sub>2</sub> Grown by Low-Temperature Reactive Sputtering for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b00708}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsaem.9b00708}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}