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Pb-intercalated epitaxial graphene on SiC : Full insight into band structure and orbital character of interlayer Pb, and charge transfer into graphene

Matta, Bharti ; Rosenzweig, Philipp ; Küster, Kathrin ; Polley, Craig LU and Starke, Ulrich (2025) In Physical Review B 111(15).
Abstract

Intercalation is a robust approach for modulating the properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC and stabilizing two-dimensional intercalant layers at the graphene/SiC interface. In this paper, we present synchrotron-based angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements focusing on the band structure of intercalated Pb under a single layer of epitaxial graphene. The interlayer Pb exhibits a metallic character, a (1×1) registry with respect to SiC, and free-electron-like bands to first order. Divergences from the free-electron approximation include various band splittings and gaps throughout the Pb Brillouin zone. Light polarization-dependent ARPES measurements indicate a predominant out-of-plane orbital character for the Pb... (More)

Intercalation is a robust approach for modulating the properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC and stabilizing two-dimensional intercalant layers at the graphene/SiC interface. In this paper, we present synchrotron-based angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements focusing on the band structure of intercalated Pb under a single layer of epitaxial graphene. The interlayer Pb exhibits a metallic character, a (1×1) registry with respect to SiC, and free-electron-like bands to first order. Divergences from the free-electron approximation include various band splittings and gaps throughout the Pb Brillouin zone. Light polarization-dependent ARPES measurements indicate a predominant out-of-plane orbital character for the Pb bands, suggesting potential interactions between the interlayer Pb and graphene's π orbitals that may induce proximity effects in graphene. Density functional theory calculations for a (1×1) Pb monolayer on SiC show reasonable qualitative agreement with the experimentally observed interlayer bands as well as the polarization-dependent measurements. Finally, temperature-dependent ARPES measurements reveal that the nearly charge-neutral graphene layer involves charge transfer from both the interlayer Pb and the substrate SiC.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Physical Review B
volume
111
issue
15
article number
155435
publisher
American Physical Society
external identifiers
  • scopus:105003554275
ISSN
2469-9950
DOI
10.1103/PhysRevB.111.155435
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2025 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by Max Planck Society.
id
5dc50dab-02e5-4ea7-aa9a-248c4d06f113
date added to LUP
2025-08-11 14:14:44
date last changed
2025-08-11 14:15:57
@article{5dc50dab-02e5-4ea7-aa9a-248c4d06f113,
  abstract     = {{<p>Intercalation is a robust approach for modulating the properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC and stabilizing two-dimensional intercalant layers at the graphene/SiC interface. In this paper, we present synchrotron-based angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements focusing on the band structure of intercalated Pb under a single layer of epitaxial graphene. The interlayer Pb exhibits a metallic character, a (1×1) registry with respect to SiC, and free-electron-like bands to first order. Divergences from the free-electron approximation include various band splittings and gaps throughout the Pb Brillouin zone. Light polarization-dependent ARPES measurements indicate a predominant out-of-plane orbital character for the Pb bands, suggesting potential interactions between the interlayer Pb and graphene's π orbitals that may induce proximity effects in graphene. Density functional theory calculations for a (1×1) Pb monolayer on SiC show reasonable qualitative agreement with the experimentally observed interlayer bands as well as the polarization-dependent measurements. Finally, temperature-dependent ARPES measurements reveal that the nearly charge-neutral graphene layer involves charge transfer from both the interlayer Pb and the substrate SiC.</p>}},
  author       = {{Matta, Bharti and Rosenzweig, Philipp and Küster, Kathrin and Polley, Craig and Starke, Ulrich}},
  issn         = {{2469-9950}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  number       = {{15}},
  publisher    = {{American Physical Society}},
  series       = {{Physical Review B}},
  title        = {{Pb-intercalated epitaxial graphene on SiC : Full insight into band structure and orbital character of interlayer Pb, and charge transfer into graphene}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.111.155435}},
  doi          = {{10.1103/PhysRevB.111.155435}},
  volume       = {{111}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}