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Probing long-range forces in neutrino oscillations at the ESSnuSB experiment

Aguilar, J. ; Bolling, B. LU orcid ; Carlile, C. J. LU ; Cederkall, J. LU ; Christiansen, P. LU ; Collins, M. ; Danared, H. LU ; Eshraqi, M. LU ; Iversen, K. E. LU orcid and Lindroos, M. LU (2025) In Journal of High Energy Physics 2025(7).
Abstract

Neutrino oscillations constitute an excellent tool to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, we investigate the potential of the ESSnuSB experiment to constrain the effects of flavour-dependent long-range forces (LRFs) in neutrino oscillations, which may arise due to the extension of the Standard Model gauge group by introducing new U(1) symmetries. Focusing on three specific U(1) symmetries — Le − Lμ, Le − Lτ, and Lμ − Lτ, we demonstrate that ESSnuSB offers a favourable environment to search for LRF effects. Our analyses reveal that ESSnuSB can set 90% confidence level bounds of Veμ < 2.99 × 10−14 eV, Veτ < 2.05 ×... (More)

Neutrino oscillations constitute an excellent tool to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, we investigate the potential of the ESSnuSB experiment to constrain the effects of flavour-dependent long-range forces (LRFs) in neutrino oscillations, which may arise due to the extension of the Standard Model gauge group by introducing new U(1) symmetries. Focusing on three specific U(1) symmetries — Le − Lμ, Le − Lτ, and Lμ − Lτ, we demonstrate that ESSnuSB offers a favourable environment to search for LRF effects. Our analyses reveal that ESSnuSB can set 90% confidence level bounds of Veμ < 2.99 × 10−14 eV, Veτ < 2.05 × 10−14 eV, and Vμτ < 1.81 × 10−14 eV, which are competitive to the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). It is also observed that reducing the systematic uncertainties from 5% to 2% improves the ESSnuSB limits on Vαβ. Interestingly, we find limited correlations between LRF parameters and the less constrained lepton mixing parameters θ23 and δCP, preserving the robustness of ESSnuSB’s sensitivity to CP violation. Even under extreme LRF potentials (Vαβ ≫ 10−13 eV), the CP-violation sensitivity and δCP precision remain largely unaffected. These results establish ESSnuSB as a competitive experimental setup for probing LRF effects, complementing constraints from other neutrino sources and offering critical insights into the physics of long-range forces.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
author collaboration
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Neutrino Interactions, Neutrino Mixing, Non-Standard Neutrino Properties
in
Journal of High Energy Physics
volume
2025
issue
7
article number
186
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:105013558120
ISSN
1029-8479
DOI
10.1007/JHEP07(2025)186
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.
id
5eb039d0-9351-4b91-a71e-cf7e4518e537
date added to LUP
2025-09-20 15:12:18
date last changed
2025-10-14 10:42:04
@article{5eb039d0-9351-4b91-a71e-cf7e4518e537,
  abstract     = {{<p>Neutrino oscillations constitute an excellent tool to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, we investigate the potential of the ESSnuSB experiment to constrain the effects of flavour-dependent long-range forces (LRFs) in neutrino oscillations, which may arise due to the extension of the Standard Model gauge group by introducing new U(1) symmetries. Focusing on three specific U(1) symmetries — L<sub>e</sub> − L<sub>μ</sub>, L<sub>e</sub> − L<sub>τ</sub>, and L<sub>μ</sub> − L<sub>τ</sub>, we demonstrate that ESSnuSB offers a favourable environment to search for LRF effects. Our analyses reveal that ESSnuSB can set 90% confidence level bounds of V<sub>eμ</sub> &lt; 2.99 × 10<sup>−14</sup> eV, V<sub>eτ</sub> &lt; 2.05 × 10<sup>−14</sup> eV, and V<sub>μτ</sub> &lt; 1.81 × 10<sup>−14</sup> eV, which are competitive to the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). It is also observed that reducing the systematic uncertainties from 5% to 2% improves the ESSnuSB limits on V<sub>αβ</sub>. Interestingly, we find limited correlations between LRF parameters and the less constrained lepton mixing parameters θ<sub>23</sub> and δ<sub>CP</sub>, preserving the robustness of ESSnuSB’s sensitivity to CP violation. Even under extreme LRF potentials (V<sub>αβ</sub> ≫ 10<sup>−13</sup> eV), the CP-violation sensitivity and δ<sub>CP</sub> precision remain largely unaffected. These results establish ESSnuSB as a competitive experimental setup for probing LRF effects, complementing constraints from other neutrino sources and offering critical insights into the physics of long-range forces.</p>}},
  author       = {{Aguilar, J. and Bolling, B. and Carlile, C. J. and Cederkall, J. and Christiansen, P. and Collins, M. and Danared, H. and Eshraqi, M. and Iversen, K. E. and Lindroos, M.}},
  issn         = {{1029-8479}},
  keywords     = {{Neutrino Interactions; Neutrino Mixing; Non-Standard Neutrino Properties}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{7}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Journal of High Energy Physics}},
  title        = {{Probing long-range forces in neutrino oscillations at the ESSnuSB experiment}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2025)186}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/JHEP07(2025)186}},
  volume       = {{2025}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}