Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Isoprenylation and NET formation in acute pancreatitis

Merza, Mohammed LU (2015) In Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series 2015:38.
Abstract
Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammation disease that characterized by activation of protease and the innate immune system, leading to infiltration of neutrophils and tissue damage in the pancreas. The aim of this thesis was to determine the role of isoprenylation (farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase) as well as NET formation in regulating recruitment of neutrophils and tissue damage in severe AP.

AP in mice was induced by retrograde infusion of Na-taurocholate into the pancreatic duct and intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine two times at hourly intervals. Induction of pancreatitis provoked a clear cut increase in tissue damage of the pancreas characterized by neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity,... (More)
Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammation disease that characterized by activation of protease and the innate immune system, leading to infiltration of neutrophils and tissue damage in the pancreas. The aim of this thesis was to determine the role of isoprenylation (farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase) as well as NET formation in regulating recruitment of neutrophils and tissue damage in severe AP.

AP in mice was induced by retrograde infusion of Na-taurocholate into the pancreatic duct and intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine two times at hourly intervals. Induction of pancreatitis provoked a clear cut increase in tissue damage of the pancreas characterized by neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity, chemokine levels, and acinar cell necrosis and edema formation in the pancreas. In paper I, farnesyltransferase mediates leukocyte sequestration and tissue injury in AP. Inhibition of farnesyltransferase attenuates infiltration of neutrophils in the pancreas and the lung and suggesting that farnesyltransferase controls both local and systemic inflammation in pancreatitis. Paper II demonstrates that geranylgeranyltransferase regulate severity in pancreatitis. Inhibition of geranylgeranyltransferase results in a reduction of neutrophil up-regulation Mac-1 and CXCL2 formation in the pancreas. Blocking geranylgeranyltransferase activity attenuated systemic inflammation and pulmonary neutrophils in animals with pancreatitis. In paper Paper III address the role of Ras-signalling in AP. Ras inhibition improves neutrophil infiltration, blood amylase, cytokine formation and and pancreatitis-associated systemic inflammation. Paper IV demonstrates that NETs are generated in the inflamed pancreas and play a critical role in the development of severe AP. Inhibition of NET decreased CXCL2 formation and neutrophil recruitment in the inflamed pancreas. Moreover, NETs regulates STAT3 activity and trypsin activation in acinar cells and histones might be important molecular mediators in these processes.

These findings identify a novel role of isoprenylation and NET formation in pancreatitis and suggest that targeting these mechanisms might be a useful way to ameliorate local and systemic inflammation in severe AP. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Löhr, Matthias, Surgery Department
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Acute pancreatitis, neutrophil recruitment, trypsinogen activation, NET
in
Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series
volume
2015:38
pages
170 pages
publisher
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University
defense location
Kvinnoklinikens aula, Jan Waldenströms gata 47, plan 3, Skånes universitetssjukhus i Malmö.
defense date
2015-04-23 13:00:00
ISSN
1652-8220
ISBN
978-91-7619-117-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
62fd0581-34ab-4556-ae04-b227f666674b (old id 5268341)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:29:12
date last changed
2019-05-22 01:22:44
@phdthesis{62fd0581-34ab-4556-ae04-b227f666674b,
  abstract     = {{Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammation disease that characterized by activation of protease and the innate immune system, leading to infiltration of neutrophils and tissue damage in the pancreas. The aim of this thesis was to determine the role of isoprenylation (farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase) as well as NET formation in regulating recruitment of neutrophils and tissue damage in severe AP. <br/><br>
AP in mice was induced by retrograde infusion of Na-taurocholate into the pancreatic duct and intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine two times at hourly intervals. Induction of pancreatitis provoked a clear cut increase in tissue damage of the pancreas characterized by neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity, chemokine levels, and acinar cell necrosis and edema formation in the pancreas. In paper I, farnesyltransferase mediates leukocyte sequestration and tissue injury in AP. Inhibition of farnesyltransferase attenuates infiltration of neutrophils in the pancreas and the lung and suggesting that farnesyltransferase controls both local and systemic inflammation in pancreatitis. Paper II demonstrates that geranylgeranyltransferase regulate severity in pancreatitis. Inhibition of geranylgeranyltransferase results in a reduction of neutrophil up-regulation Mac-1 and CXCL2 formation in the pancreas. Blocking geranylgeranyltransferase activity attenuated systemic inflammation and pulmonary neutrophils in animals with pancreatitis. In paper Paper III address the role of Ras-signalling in AP. Ras inhibition improves neutrophil infiltration, blood amylase, cytokine formation and and pancreatitis-associated systemic inflammation. Paper IV demonstrates that NETs are generated in the inflamed pancreas and play a critical role in the development of severe AP. Inhibition of NET decreased CXCL2 formation and neutrophil recruitment in the inflamed pancreas. Moreover, NETs regulates STAT3 activity and trypsin activation in acinar cells and histones might be important molecular mediators in these processes. <br/><br>
These findings identify a novel role of isoprenylation and NET formation in pancreatitis and suggest that targeting these mechanisms might be a useful way to ameliorate local and systemic inflammation in severe AP.}},
  author       = {{Merza, Mohammed}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-7619-117-0}},
  issn         = {{1652-8220}},
  keywords     = {{Acute pancreatitis; neutrophil recruitment; trypsinogen activation; NET}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  series       = {{Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series}},
  title        = {{Isoprenylation and NET formation in acute pancreatitis}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/3400021/5275161.pdf}},
  volume       = {{2015:38}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}