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Exploring the interplay between antiretroviral therapy and the gut-oral microbiome axis in people living with HIV

Narayanan, Aswathy ; Kieri, Oscar ; Vesterbacka, Jan ; Manoharan, Lokeshwaran LU orcid ; Chen, Puran ; Ghorbani, Mahin ; Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf ; Sällberg chen, Margaret ; Aleman, Soo and Sönnerborg, Anders , et al. (2024) In Scientific Reports 14.
Abstract
The gut and oral microbiome is altered in people living with HIV (PLWH). While antiretroviral treatment (ART) is pivotal in restoring immune function in PLWH, several studies have identified an association between specific antiretrovirals, particularly integrase inhibitors (INSTI), and weight gain. In our study, we explored the differences in the oral and gut microbiota of PLWH under different ART regimens, and its correlation to Body Mass Index (BMI). Fecal and salivary samples were collected from PLWH (n = 69) and healthy controls (HC, n = 80). We performed taxonomy analysis to determine the microbial composition and relationship between microbial abundance and ART regimens, BMI, CD4+T-cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and ART duration. PLWH... (More)
The gut and oral microbiome is altered in people living with HIV (PLWH). While antiretroviral treatment (ART) is pivotal in restoring immune function in PLWH, several studies have identified an association between specific antiretrovirals, particularly integrase inhibitors (INSTI), and weight gain. In our study, we explored the differences in the oral and gut microbiota of PLWH under different ART regimens, and its correlation to Body Mass Index (BMI). Fecal and salivary samples were collected from PLWH (n = 69) and healthy controls (HC, n = 80). We performed taxonomy analysis to determine the microbial composition and relationship between microbial abundance and ART regimens, BMI, CD4+T-cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and ART duration. PLWH showed significantly lower richness compared to HC in both the oral and gut environment. The gut microbiome composition of INSTI-treated individuals was enriched with Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium, whereas non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-treated individuals were enriched with Gordonibacter, Megasphaera, and Staphylococcus. In the oral microenvironment, Veillonella was significantly more abundant in INSTI-treated individuals and Fusobacterium and Alloprevotella in the NNRTI-treated individuals. Furthermore, Bifidobacterium and Dorea were enriched in gut milieu of PLWH with high BMI. Collectively, our findings identify distinct microbial profiles, which are associated with different ART regimens and BMI in PLWH on successful ART, thereby highlighting significant effects of specific antiretrovirals on the microbiome.

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publishing date
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Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Scientific Reports
volume
14
article number
17820
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:39090139
  • scopus:85200388689
ISSN
2045-2322
DOI
10.1038/s41598-024-68479-4
language
English
LU publication?
yes
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6bfaf620-c920-4e24-99a1-0dadebe82f74
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-68479-4
date added to LUP
2024-08-05 11:05:36
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2024-08-19 04:00:58
@article{6bfaf620-c920-4e24-99a1-0dadebe82f74,
  abstract     = {{The gut and oral microbiome is altered in people living with HIV (PLWH). While antiretroviral treatment (ART) is pivotal in restoring immune function in PLWH, several studies have identified an association between specific antiretrovirals, particularly integrase inhibitors (INSTI), and weight gain. In our study, we explored the differences in the oral and gut microbiota of PLWH under different ART regimens, and its correlation to Body Mass Index (BMI). Fecal and salivary samples were collected from PLWH (n = 69) and healthy controls (HC, n = 80). We performed taxonomy analysis to determine the microbial composition and relationship between microbial abundance and ART regimens, BMI, CD4+T-cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and ART duration. PLWH showed significantly lower richness compared to HC in both the oral and gut environment. The gut microbiome composition of INSTI-treated individuals was enriched with Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium, whereas non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-treated individuals were enriched with Gordonibacter, Megasphaera, and Staphylococcus. In the oral microenvironment, Veillonella was significantly more abundant in INSTI-treated individuals and Fusobacterium and Alloprevotella in the NNRTI-treated individuals. Furthermore, Bifidobacterium and Dorea were enriched in gut milieu of PLWH with high BMI. Collectively, our findings identify distinct microbial profiles, which are associated with different ART regimens and BMI in PLWH on successful ART, thereby highlighting significant effects of specific antiretrovirals on the microbiome.<br/><br/>Similar content being viewed by others}},
  author       = {{Narayanan, Aswathy and Kieri, Oscar and Vesterbacka, Jan and Manoharan, Lokeshwaran and Chen, Puran and Ghorbani, Mahin and Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf and Sällberg chen, Margaret and Aleman, Soo and Sönnerborg, Anders and Ray, Shilpa and Nowak, Piotr}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{08}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Scientific Reports}},
  title        = {{Exploring the interplay between antiretroviral therapy and the gut-oral microbiome axis in people living with HIV}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68479-4}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41598-024-68479-4}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}