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Developing and validating evacuation models for fire safety engineering

Ronchi, Enrico LU orcid (2020) In Fire Safety Journal p.103020-103020
Abstract
Evacuation models can adopt different approaches for the simulation of human behaviour in fire. This paper provides an overview of the most commonly used modelling methods to represent the evacuation process in a fire scenario. This is presented through a structure matching the engineering time-line model of evacuation. The evacuation model development process is discussed considering both data-driven empirical correlations as well as theory-based modelling approaches. Examples of alternative methods to the currently used evacuation modelling assumptions are also presented. These methods have been chosen to provide examples of cases in which revisions of well-established assumptions may be needed. This review mainly focuses on buildings... (More)
Evacuation models can adopt different approaches for the simulation of human behaviour in fire. This paper provides an overview of the most commonly used modelling methods to represent the evacuation process in a fire scenario. This is presented through a structure matching the engineering time-line model of evacuation. The evacuation model development process is discussed considering both data-driven empirical correlations as well as theory-based modelling approaches. Examples of alternative methods to the currently used evacuation modelling assumptions are also presented. These methods have been chosen to provide examples of cases in which revisions of well-established assumptions may be needed. This review mainly focuses on buildings and pedestrian evacuation scenarios. Nevertheless, many concepts presented are potentially applicable to traffic evacuation. Particular attention is given to the representation of the impact of smoke on the evacuation process, as this is an important issue for fire safety engineering. Finally, a discussion on existing methods and procedures for the verification and validation of evacuation models is presented and the need for their standardization is advocated.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
evacuation modelling, egress, fire safety, pedestrian dynamics, pedestrian movement, model validation
in
Fire Safety Journal
pages
1 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85103421601
ISSN
0379-7112
DOI
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103020
project
Building egressibility in an aging society
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
6eb80bc7-253a-4944-8716-0f15f5c69ab1
date added to LUP
2020-07-23 17:04:25
date last changed
2022-04-18 23:41:37
@article{6eb80bc7-253a-4944-8716-0f15f5c69ab1,
  abstract     = {{Evacuation models can adopt different approaches for the simulation of human behaviour in fire. This paper provides an overview of the most commonly used modelling methods to represent the evacuation process in a fire scenario. This is presented through a structure matching the engineering time-line model of evacuation. The evacuation model development process is discussed considering both data-driven empirical correlations as well as theory-based modelling approaches. Examples of alternative methods to the currently used evacuation modelling assumptions are also presented. These methods have been chosen to provide examples of cases in which revisions of well-established assumptions may be needed. This review mainly focuses on buildings and pedestrian evacuation scenarios. Nevertheless, many concepts presented are potentially applicable to traffic evacuation. Particular attention is given to the representation of the impact of smoke on the evacuation process, as this is an important issue for fire safety engineering. Finally, a discussion on existing methods and procedures for the verification and validation of evacuation models is presented and the need for their standardization is advocated.<br/><br/>}},
  author       = {{Ronchi, Enrico}},
  issn         = {{0379-7112}},
  keywords     = {{evacuation modelling; egress; fire safety; pedestrian dynamics; pedestrian movement; model validation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{05}},
  pages        = {{103020--103020}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Fire Safety Journal}},
  title        = {{Developing and validating evacuation models for fire safety engineering}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103020}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103020}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}