Smoking and the risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
(2003) In International Journal of Cancer 107(4). p.629-634- Abstract
- Smoking has recently been recognised as causally associated with the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, evidence on the effect by sex, duration and intensity of smoking, anatomic subsite and cessation of smoking is limited. Our objective was to assess the relation between tobacco use and GC incidence in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We studied data from 521,468 individuals recruited from 10 European countries taking part in the EPIC study. Participants completed lifestyle questionnaires that included questions on lifetime consumption of tobacco and diet in 1991-1998. Participants were followed until September 2002, and during that period 305 cases of stomach cancer were identified. After... (More)
- Smoking has recently been recognised as causally associated with the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, evidence on the effect by sex, duration and intensity of smoking, anatomic subsite and cessation of smoking is limited. Our objective was to assess the relation between tobacco use and GC incidence in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We studied data from 521,468 individuals recruited from 10 European countries taking part in the EPIC study. Participants completed lifestyle questionnaires that included questions on lifetime consumption of tobacco and diet in 1991-1998. Participants were followed until September 2002, and during that period 305 cases of stomach cancer were identified. After exclusions, 274 were eligible for the analysis, using the Cox proportional hazard model. After adjustment for educational level, consumption of fresh fruit, vegetables and preserved meat, alcohol intake and body mass index (BMI), there was a significant association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer risk: the hazard ratio (HR) for ever smokers was 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-1.94). The HR of current cigarette smoking was 1.73 (95% CI = 1.06-2.83) in males and 1.87 (95% CI = 1.12-3.12) in females. Hazard ratios increased with intensity and duration of cigarette smoked. A significant decrease of risk was observed after 10 years of quitting smoking. A preliminary analysis of 121 cases with identified anatomic site showed that current cigarette smokers had a higher HR of GC in the cardia (HR = 4.10) than in the distal part of the stomach (HR = 1.94). In this cohort, 17.6 % (95% CI = 10.5-29.5 %) of GC cases may be attributable to smoking. Findings from this large study support the causal relation between smoking and gastric cancer in this European population. Stomach cancer should be added to the burden of diseases caused by smoking. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Less)
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- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2003
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- gastric cancer, smoking, cohort study
- in
- International Journal of Cancer
- volume
- 107
- issue
- 4
- pages
- 629 - 634
- publisher
- John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000186047200017
- scopus:0142117212
- ISSN
- 0020-7136
- DOI
- 10.1002/ijc.11426
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 70ea1047-bbee-4dd1-a303-202580971943 (old id 297931)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 12:31:57
- date last changed
- 2022-04-21 08:43:53
@article{70ea1047-bbee-4dd1-a303-202580971943, abstract = {{Smoking has recently been recognised as causally associated with the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, evidence on the effect by sex, duration and intensity of smoking, anatomic subsite and cessation of smoking is limited. Our objective was to assess the relation between tobacco use and GC incidence in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We studied data from 521,468 individuals recruited from 10 European countries taking part in the EPIC study. Participants completed lifestyle questionnaires that included questions on lifetime consumption of tobacco and diet in 1991-1998. Participants were followed until September 2002, and during that period 305 cases of stomach cancer were identified. After exclusions, 274 were eligible for the analysis, using the Cox proportional hazard model. After adjustment for educational level, consumption of fresh fruit, vegetables and preserved meat, alcohol intake and body mass index (BMI), there was a significant association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer risk: the hazard ratio (HR) for ever smokers was 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-1.94). The HR of current cigarette smoking was 1.73 (95% CI = 1.06-2.83) in males and 1.87 (95% CI = 1.12-3.12) in females. Hazard ratios increased with intensity and duration of cigarette smoked. A significant decrease of risk was observed after 10 years of quitting smoking. A preliminary analysis of 121 cases with identified anatomic site showed that current cigarette smokers had a higher HR of GC in the cardia (HR = 4.10) than in the distal part of the stomach (HR = 1.94). In this cohort, 17.6 % (95% CI = 10.5-29.5 %) of GC cases may be attributable to smoking. Findings from this large study support the causal relation between smoking and gastric cancer in this European population. Stomach cancer should be added to the burden of diseases caused by smoking. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}}, author = {{Gonzalez, CA and Pera, G and Agudo, A and Pallli, D and Krogh, V and Vineis, P and Tumino, R and Panico, S and Berglund, Göran and Simán, Henrik and Nyren, O and Agren, A and Martinez, C and DorronsorO', M and Barricarte, A and Tornio, MJ and Quiros, JR and Allen, N and Bingham, S and Day, N and Miller, A and Nagel, G and Boeing, H and Overvad, K and Tjonneland, A and Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB and Boshuizen, HC and Peeters, P and Numans, M and Clavel-Chapelon, F and Helen, I and Agapitos, E and Lund, E and Fahey, M and Saracci, R and Kaaks, R and Riboli, E}}, issn = {{0020-7136}}, keywords = {{gastric cancer; smoking; cohort study}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{629--634}}, publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}}, series = {{International Journal of Cancer}}, title = {{Smoking and the risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.11426}}, doi = {{10.1002/ijc.11426}}, volume = {{107}}, year = {{2003}}, }