Age-related disease : Cardiovascular system
(2024) p.35-52- Abstract
Age and aging are the major determinants of most common major diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). With increasing age, the cardiovascular risk increases as well as frailty, with negative consequences for health such as coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and vascular dementia. However, this aging process seems to take a more rapid course in some individuals, as reflected in the early vascular aging (EVA) syndrome that has attracted increased attention. The core of EVA syndrome is arterial stiffness in the media layer of large elastic arteries, a process that can be measured by pulse wave velocity, such as along the aorta. Hypertension is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor on its own, but it is... (More)
Age and aging are the major determinants of most common major diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). With increasing age, the cardiovascular risk increases as well as frailty, with negative consequences for health such as coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and vascular dementia. However, this aging process seems to take a more rapid course in some individuals, as reflected in the early vascular aging (EVA) syndrome that has attracted increased attention. The core of EVA syndrome is arterial stiffness in the media layer of large elastic arteries, a process that can be measured by pulse wave velocity, such as along the aorta. Hypertension is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor on its own, but it is also linked to the EVA process. However, several studies have shown that nonhemodynamic factors contribute to arterial stiffness and EVA, such as impaired glucose metabolism (diabetes), chronic inflammation, renal impairment, and oxidative stress. New perspectives have been introduced linking early-life programming affecting newborn babies and birth weight with later risk of hypertension, arterial stiffness, and EVA leading to CVD manifestations. The diversity of clinical outcome, as expressed in both different diagnoses and individual variation within any specific diagnosis, results from the clinical starting points (upstream risk factors) of each patient, including their genetic, epigenetic, and behavioral risk factors In each case, these risk factors play out in the central process of cell aging, influencing both the rate of molecular damage and that of molecular turnover (i.e., the rate of cell aging). Only by gaining a full appreciation of how such risk factors develop as cell aging progresses can we hope to intervene effectively in these diseases.
(Less)
- author
- Nilsson, Peter M. LU ; Fossel, Michael ; Bean, Joe and Khera, Nina
- organization
- publishing date
- 2024
- type
- Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Age-related disease, Aging, Aneurysm, Artery, Atherogenesis, Atherosclerosis, Biomarkers, Cardiovascular disease, Cell senescence, Cellular aging, Congestive heart failure, Coronary, Coronary artery disease, CVA, Diabetes, Epigenetics, Gene therapy, hTERT, Hypertension, Inflammation, Longevity, Myocardial infarction, Peripheral capillary pruning, Stents, Stroke, Telomerase, Telomeres, Vascular, Venous stasis
- host publication
- Aging : How Aging Works, How We Reverse Aging, and Prospects for Curing Aging Diseases - How Aging Works, How We Reverse Aging, and Prospects for Curing Aging Diseases
- pages
- 18 pages
- publisher
- Elsevier B.V.
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85192880419
- ISBN
- 9780443155000
- DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-443-15500-0.00010-4
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 79b5b785-7830-445a-8476-9cfb26c27aff
- date added to LUP
- 2024-05-28 14:42:07
- date last changed
- 2024-05-28 14:42:26
@inbook{79b5b785-7830-445a-8476-9cfb26c27aff,
abstract = {{<p>Age and aging are the major determinants of most common major diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). With increasing age, the cardiovascular risk increases as well as frailty, with negative consequences for health such as coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and vascular dementia. However, this aging process seems to take a more rapid course in some individuals, as reflected in the early vascular aging (EVA) syndrome that has attracted increased attention. The core of EVA syndrome is arterial stiffness in the media layer of large elastic arteries, a process that can be measured by pulse wave velocity, such as along the aorta. Hypertension is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor on its own, but it is also linked to the EVA process. However, several studies have shown that nonhemodynamic factors contribute to arterial stiffness and EVA, such as impaired glucose metabolism (diabetes), chronic inflammation, renal impairment, and oxidative stress. New perspectives have been introduced linking early-life programming affecting newborn babies and birth weight with later risk of hypertension, arterial stiffness, and EVA leading to CVD manifestations. The diversity of clinical outcome, as expressed in both different diagnoses and individual variation within any specific diagnosis, results from the clinical starting points (upstream risk factors) of each patient, including their genetic, epigenetic, and behavioral risk factors In each case, these risk factors play out in the central process of cell aging, influencing both the rate of molecular damage and that of molecular turnover (i.e., the rate of cell aging). Only by gaining a full appreciation of how such risk factors develop as cell aging progresses can we hope to intervene effectively in these diseases.</p>}},
author = {{Nilsson, Peter M. and Fossel, Michael and Bean, Joe and Khera, Nina}},
booktitle = {{Aging : How Aging Works, How We Reverse Aging, and Prospects for Curing Aging Diseases}},
isbn = {{9780443155000}},
keywords = {{Age-related disease; Aging; Aneurysm; Artery; Atherogenesis; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular disease; Cell senescence; Cellular aging; Congestive heart failure; Coronary; Coronary artery disease; CVA; Diabetes; Epigenetics; Gene therapy; hTERT; Hypertension; Inflammation; Longevity; Myocardial infarction; Peripheral capillary pruning; Stents; Stroke; Telomerase; Telomeres; Vascular; Venous stasis}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{35--52}},
publisher = {{Elsevier B.V.}},
title = {{Age-related disease : Cardiovascular system}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15500-0.00010-4}},
doi = {{10.1016/B978-0-443-15500-0.00010-4}},
year = {{2024}},
}