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Advancing tire and road wear particles (TRWP) measurements : balancing laboratory conditions and real-world relevance

Wahlström, J. LU orcid ; Lyu, Y. LU orcid ; Lundberg, J. LU orcid ; Pagels, J. LU and Hjelm, R. LU (2025) ETH Nanoparticles Conference 2025
Abstract
Non-exhaust emissions from the wear of brakes, tyres, and roads have become an increasing concern in recent years, already surpassing exhaust emissions by mass in many countries. However, there is a lack of studies in the scientific literature on test methods that include both real tyre and road materials. This is crucial for accurately replicating the tribological mechanisms and resulting emissions that occur during real-world driving. This study therefore employs a scaled experimental approach to investigate the influence of representative urban load and sliding speed conditions on tyre and road wear particle generation using commercial tyre and road materials. Friction, wear, and emissions were analysed using a pin-on-disc tribometer... (More)
Non-exhaust emissions from the wear of brakes, tyres, and roads have become an increasing concern in recent years, already surpassing exhaust emissions by mass in many countries. However, there is a lack of studies in the scientific literature on test methods that include both real tyre and road materials. This is crucial for accurately replicating the tribological mechanisms and resulting emissions that occur during real-world driving. This study therefore employs a scaled experimental approach to investigate the influence of representative urban load and sliding speed conditions on tyre and road wear particle generation using commercial tyre and road materials. Friction, wear, and emissions were analysed using a pin-on-disc tribometer within a controlled environment, enabling the measurement of both airborne and non-airborne wear particles. The results demonstrate that under moderate test conditions, airborne tyre and road wear particle concentrations remained almost zero, with reasonable coefficients of friction and estimated non-airborne emission factors. However, under harsher contact conditions, the coefficients of friction, airborne tyre and road wear concentrations and estimated emission factors increased significantly, leading to excessive material detachment from both the tyre and road surface. These extreme wear conditions are not representative of real-world tyre–road interactions, emphasising the sensitivity and necessity of using more realistic test conditions in future studies. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to conference
publication status
published
subject
pages
1 pages
conference name
ETH Nanoparticles Conference 2025
conference location
Zürich, Switzerland
conference dates
2025-06-16 - 2025-06-19
project
Enklare framtagning av nya vägmaterial för renare luft
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
7d9c006e-cfce-42b7-80a9-0d480ef1ae56
date added to LUP
2026-02-11 11:56:33
date last changed
2026-03-11 03:39:17
@misc{7d9c006e-cfce-42b7-80a9-0d480ef1ae56,
  abstract     = {{Non-exhaust emissions from the wear of brakes, tyres, and roads have become an increasing concern in recent years, already surpassing exhaust emissions by mass in many countries. However, there is a lack of studies in the scientific literature on test methods that include both real tyre and road materials. This is crucial for accurately replicating the tribological mechanisms and resulting emissions that occur during real-world driving. This study therefore employs a scaled experimental approach to investigate the influence of representative urban load and sliding speed conditions on tyre and road wear particle generation using commercial tyre and road materials. Friction, wear, and emissions were analysed using a pin-on-disc tribometer within a controlled environment, enabling the measurement of both airborne and non-airborne wear particles. The results demonstrate that under moderate test conditions, airborne tyre and road wear particle concentrations remained almost zero, with reasonable coefficients of friction and estimated non-airborne emission factors. However, under harsher contact conditions, the coefficients of friction, airborne tyre and road wear concentrations and estimated emission factors increased significantly, leading to excessive material detachment from both the tyre and road surface. These extreme wear conditions are not representative of real-world tyre–road interactions, emphasising the sensitivity and necessity of using more realistic test conditions in future studies.}},
  author       = {{Wahlström, J. and Lyu, Y. and Lundberg, J. and Pagels, J. and Hjelm, R.}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  title        = {{Advancing tire and road wear particles (TRWP) measurements : balancing laboratory conditions and real-world relevance}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/242028585/S10-2_AdvancingT.pdf}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}