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Patients double-seropositive for ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies have varied renal survival, frequency of relapse, and outcomes compared to single-seropositive patients

McAdoo, Stephen P. ; Tanna, Anisha ; Hrušková, Zdenka ; Holm, Lisa LU ; Weiner, Maria ; Arulkumaran, Nishkantha ; Kang, Amy ; Satrapová, Veronika ; Levy, Jeremy and Ohlsson, Sophie LU orcid , et al. (2017) In Kidney International 92(3). p.693-702
Abstract

Co-presentation with both ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies is thought to be relatively rare. Current studies of such 'double-positive' cases report small numbers and variable outcomes. To study this further we retrospectively analyzed clinical features and long-term outcomes of a large cohort of 568 contemporary patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, 41 patients with anti-GBM disease, and 37 double-positive patients with ANCA and anti-GBM disease from four European centers. Double-positive patients shared characteristics of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), such as older age distribution and longer symptom duration before diagnosis, and features of anti-GBM disease, such as severe renal disease and high frequency of lung hemorrhage at... (More)

Co-presentation with both ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies is thought to be relatively rare. Current studies of such 'double-positive' cases report small numbers and variable outcomes. To study this further we retrospectively analyzed clinical features and long-term outcomes of a large cohort of 568 contemporary patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, 41 patients with anti-GBM disease, and 37 double-positive patients with ANCA and anti-GBM disease from four European centers. Double-positive patients shared characteristics of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), such as older age distribution and longer symptom duration before diagnosis, and features of anti-GBM disease, such as severe renal disease and high frequency of lung hemorrhage at presentation. Despite having more evidence of chronic injury on renal biopsy compared to patients with anti-GBM disease, double-positive patients had a greater tendency to recover from being dialysis-dependent after treatment and had intermediate long-term renal survival compared to the single-positive patients. However, overall patient survival was similar in all three groups. Predictors of poor patient survival included advanced age, severe renal failure, and lung hemorrhage at presentation. No single-positive anti-GBM patients experienced disease relapse, whereas approximately half of surviving patients with AAV and double-positive patients had recurrent disease during a median follow-up of 4.8 years. Thus, double-positive patients have a truly hybrid disease phenotype, requiring aggressive early treatment for anti-GBM disease, and careful long-term follow-up and consideration for maintenance immunosuppression for AAV. Since double-positivity appears common, further work is required to define the underlying mechanisms of this association and define optimum treatment strategies.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Anti-GBM disease, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody, Glomerulonephritis, Goodpasture syndrome, Vasculitis
in
Kidney International
volume
92
issue
3
pages
693 - 702
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:28506760
  • scopus:85018861185
ISSN
0085-2538
DOI
10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.014
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
7fe25b24-60fd-46ca-9f89-c5595eb804bc
date added to LUP
2017-06-07 11:03:47
date last changed
2024-04-14 12:32:06
@article{7fe25b24-60fd-46ca-9f89-c5595eb804bc,
  abstract     = {{<p>Co-presentation with both ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies is thought to be relatively rare. Current studies of such 'double-positive' cases report small numbers and variable outcomes. To study this further we retrospectively analyzed clinical features and long-term outcomes of a large cohort of 568 contemporary patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, 41 patients with anti-GBM disease, and 37 double-positive patients with ANCA and anti-GBM disease from four European centers. Double-positive patients shared characteristics of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), such as older age distribution and longer symptom duration before diagnosis, and features of anti-GBM disease, such as severe renal disease and high frequency of lung hemorrhage at presentation. Despite having more evidence of chronic injury on renal biopsy compared to patients with anti-GBM disease, double-positive patients had a greater tendency to recover from being dialysis-dependent after treatment and had intermediate long-term renal survival compared to the single-positive patients. However, overall patient survival was similar in all three groups. Predictors of poor patient survival included advanced age, severe renal failure, and lung hemorrhage at presentation. No single-positive anti-GBM patients experienced disease relapse, whereas approximately half of surviving patients with AAV and double-positive patients had recurrent disease during a median follow-up of 4.8 years. Thus, double-positive patients have a truly hybrid disease phenotype, requiring aggressive early treatment for anti-GBM disease, and careful long-term follow-up and consideration for maintenance immunosuppression for AAV. Since double-positivity appears common, further work is required to define the underlying mechanisms of this association and define optimum treatment strategies.</p>}},
  author       = {{McAdoo, Stephen P. and Tanna, Anisha and Hrušková, Zdenka and Holm, Lisa and Weiner, Maria and Arulkumaran, Nishkantha and Kang, Amy and Satrapová, Veronika and Levy, Jeremy and Ohlsson, Sophie and Tesar, Vladimir and Segelmark, Mårten and Pusey, Charles D.}},
  issn         = {{0085-2538}},
  keywords     = {{Anti-GBM disease; Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody; Glomerulonephritis; Goodpasture syndrome; Vasculitis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{05}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{693--702}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Kidney International}},
  title        = {{Patients double-seropositive for ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies have varied renal survival, frequency of relapse, and outcomes compared to single-seropositive patients}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.014}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.014}},
  volume       = {{92}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}