Endothelial Glycocalyx Turnover in Vascular Health and Disease : Rethinking Endothelial Dysfunction
(2025) In Annual Review of Biochemistry 94(1). p.561-586- Abstract
The endothelial glycocalyx, a glycan-rich layer on the luminal surface of endothelial cells lining blood and lymphatic vessels, plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis by regulating vascular permeability, immune cell trafficking, and vascular tone. Dysregulated endothelial glycocalyx turnover—whether through altered synthesis, intracellular degradation, or shedding—contributes to endothelial dysfunction in conditions such as sepsis, ischemic events, and chronic inflammatory disorders including diabetes and atherosclerosis. In this review, we examine the structure, function, and turnover of the endothelial glycocalyx, emphasizing how pathological changes in its turnover drive vascular dysfunction. We also highlight diagnostic... (More)
The endothelial glycocalyx, a glycan-rich layer on the luminal surface of endothelial cells lining blood and lymphatic vessels, plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis by regulating vascular permeability, immune cell trafficking, and vascular tone. Dysregulated endothelial glycocalyx turnover—whether through altered synthesis, intracellular degradation, or shedding—contributes to endothelial dysfunction in conditions such as sepsis, ischemic events, and chronic inflammatory disorders including diabetes and atherosclerosis. In this review, we examine the structure, function, and turnover of the endothelial glycocalyx, emphasizing how pathological changes in its turnover drive vascular dysfunction. We also highlight diagnostic approaches to evaluate dysregulated endothelial glycocalyx turnover in connection with vascular diseases and discuss therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing endothelial glycocalyx degradation and restoring endothelial function.
(Less)
- author
- Toledo, Alejandro Gomez
LU
; Golden, Gregory J.
; Cummings, Richard D.
; Malmström, Johan
LU
and Esko, Jeffrey D.
- organization
- publishing date
- 2025-06-20
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- endothelium, extracellular matrix, glycocalyx, infection, inflammation, vasculature
- in
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- volume
- 94
- issue
- 1
- pages
- 561 - 586
- publisher
- Annual Reviews
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:40132227
- scopus:105009362175
- ISSN
- 0066-4154
- DOI
- 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104745
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: © 2025 by the author(s).
- id
- 83818c09-3f6e-4552-a095-e19fbf2a5177
- date added to LUP
- 2025-07-16 09:43:14
- date last changed
- 2025-07-21 12:26:50
@article{83818c09-3f6e-4552-a095-e19fbf2a5177, abstract = {{<p>The endothelial glycocalyx, a glycan-rich layer on the luminal surface of endothelial cells lining blood and lymphatic vessels, plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis by regulating vascular permeability, immune cell trafficking, and vascular tone. Dysregulated endothelial glycocalyx turnover—whether through altered synthesis, intracellular degradation, or shedding—contributes to endothelial dysfunction in conditions such as sepsis, ischemic events, and chronic inflammatory disorders including diabetes and atherosclerosis. In this review, we examine the structure, function, and turnover of the endothelial glycocalyx, emphasizing how pathological changes in its turnover drive vascular dysfunction. We also highlight diagnostic approaches to evaluate dysregulated endothelial glycocalyx turnover in connection with vascular diseases and discuss therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing endothelial glycocalyx degradation and restoring endothelial function.</p>}}, author = {{Toledo, Alejandro Gomez and Golden, Gregory J. and Cummings, Richard D. and Malmström, Johan and Esko, Jeffrey D.}}, issn = {{0066-4154}}, keywords = {{endothelium; extracellular matrix; glycocalyx; infection; inflammation; vasculature}}, language = {{eng}}, month = {{06}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{561--586}}, publisher = {{Annual Reviews}}, series = {{Annual Review of Biochemistry}}, title = {{Endothelial Glycocalyx Turnover in Vascular Health and Disease : Rethinking Endothelial Dysfunction}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104745}}, doi = {{10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104745}}, volume = {{94}}, year = {{2025}}, }