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Permafrost Map for Norway, Sweden and Finland

Gisnås, Kjersti ; Etzelmüller, Bernd ; Lussana, Cristian ; Hjort, Jan ; Sannel, A. Britta K. ; Isaksen, Ketil ; Kuhry, Peter ; Christiansen, Hanne ; Frampton, Andrew and Åkerman, Jonas LU (2017) In Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 28(2). p.359-378
Abstract

A research-based understanding of permafrost distribution at a sufficient spatial resolution is important to meet the demands of science, education and society. We present a new permafrost map for Norway, Sweden and Finland that provides a more detailed and updated description of permafrost distribution in this area than previously available. We implemented the CryoGRID1 model at 1km2 resolution, forced by a new operationally gridded data-set of daily air temperature and snow cover for Finland, Norway and Sweden. Hundred model realisations were run for each grid cell, based on statistical snow distributions, allowing for the representation of sub-grid variability of ground temperature. The new map indicates a total permafrost... (More)

A research-based understanding of permafrost distribution at a sufficient spatial resolution is important to meet the demands of science, education and society. We present a new permafrost map for Norway, Sweden and Finland that provides a more detailed and updated description of permafrost distribution in this area than previously available. We implemented the CryoGRID1 model at 1km2 resolution, forced by a new operationally gridded data-set of daily air temperature and snow cover for Finland, Norway and Sweden. Hundred model realisations were run for each grid cell, based on statistical snow distributions, allowing for the representation of sub-grid variability of ground temperature. The new map indicates a total permafrost area (excluding palsas) of 23 400km2 in equilibrium with the average 1981-2010 climate, corresponding to 2.2 per cent of the total land area. About 56 per cent of the area is in Norway, 35 per cent in Sweden and 9 per cent in Finland. The model results are thoroughly evaluated, both quantitatively and qualitatively, as a collaboration project including permafrost experts in the three countries. Observed ground temperatures from 25 boreholes are within±2°C of the average modelled grid cell ground temperature, and all are within the range of the modelled ground temperature for the corresponding grid cell. Qualitative model evaluation by field investigators within the three countries shows that the map reproduces the observed lower altitudinal limits of mountain permafrost and the distribution of lowland permafrost.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
CryoGRID1, Permafrost map, Permafrost modelling, Scandinavia
in
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes
volume
28
issue
2
pages
359 - 378
publisher
John Wiley & Sons Inc.
external identifiers
  • wos:000398850500001
  • scopus:84997270917
ISSN
1045-6740
DOI
10.1002/ppp.1922
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
85400dd7-2ba2-4e13-b94f-715a99381f2c
date added to LUP
2017-02-22 10:12:01
date last changed
2024-03-31 04:10:45
@article{85400dd7-2ba2-4e13-b94f-715a99381f2c,
  abstract     = {{<p>A research-based understanding of permafrost distribution at a sufficient spatial resolution is important to meet the demands of science, education and society. We present a new permafrost map for Norway, Sweden and Finland that provides a more detailed and updated description of permafrost distribution in this area than previously available. We implemented the CryoGRID1 model at 1km<sup>2</sup> resolution, forced by a new operationally gridded data-set of daily air temperature and snow cover for Finland, Norway and Sweden. Hundred model realisations were run for each grid cell, based on statistical snow distributions, allowing for the representation of sub-grid variability of ground temperature. The new map indicates a total permafrost area (excluding palsas) of 23 400km<sup>2</sup> in equilibrium with the average 1981-2010 climate, corresponding to 2.2 per cent of the total land area. About 56 per cent of the area is in Norway, 35 per cent in Sweden and 9 per cent in Finland. The model results are thoroughly evaluated, both quantitatively and qualitatively, as a collaboration project including permafrost experts in the three countries. Observed ground temperatures from 25 boreholes are within±2°C of the average modelled grid cell ground temperature, and all are within the range of the modelled ground temperature for the corresponding grid cell. Qualitative model evaluation by field investigators within the three countries shows that the map reproduces the observed lower altitudinal limits of mountain permafrost and the distribution of lowland permafrost.</p>}},
  author       = {{Gisnås, Kjersti and Etzelmüller, Bernd and Lussana, Cristian and Hjort, Jan and Sannel, A. Britta K. and Isaksen, Ketil and Kuhry, Peter and Christiansen, Hanne and Frampton, Andrew and Åkerman, Jonas}},
  issn         = {{1045-6740}},
  keywords     = {{CryoGRID1; Permafrost map; Permafrost modelling; Scandinavia}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{359--378}},
  publisher    = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
  series       = {{Permafrost and Periglacial Processes}},
  title        = {{Permafrost Map for Norway, Sweden and Finland}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1922}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/ppp.1922}},
  volume       = {{28}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}