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Investigating Phosphorus Abundances in a Sample of APOGEE-2 Bulge Globular Clusters

Barbuy, Beatriz ; Fernández-Trincado, José G. ; Camargo, Morgan S. ; Geisler, Doug ; Brauner, Maren ; Villanova, Sandro ; Minniti, Dante ; García-Hernández, Domingo Anibal ; Souza, Stefano O. and Ernandes, Heitor LU , et al. (2025) In Astronomical Journal 170(4).
Abstract

Phosphorus-enhanced (P-rich; [P/Fe] ≳ +0.8) giants have been found among mildly metal-poor field stars, but in only one star in a globular cluster (GC), M4 (NGC 6121). Also, in a sample of bulge spheroid stars, some of them showed a moderate P enhancement in the range +0.5 < [P/Fe] < +1.0. In this paper we derive the P abundance of moderately metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≳ −1) GC stars, aiming to check if the phenomenon could be related to the unusual multiple stellar populations found in most GCs. Here we present the detection of moderately P-enhanced stars among two out of seven bulge GCs (Tonantzintla 1 and NGC 6316), with metallicities similar to those of the bulge-field P-rich stars. Using H-band high-resolution (R ∼ 22,500) spectra... (More)

Phosphorus-enhanced (P-rich; [P/Fe] ≳ +0.8) giants have been found among mildly metal-poor field stars, but in only one star in a globular cluster (GC), M4 (NGC 6121). Also, in a sample of bulge spheroid stars, some of them showed a moderate P enhancement in the range +0.5 < [P/Fe] < +1.0. In this paper we derive the P abundance of moderately metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≳ −1) GC stars, aiming to check if the phenomenon could be related to the unusual multiple stellar populations found in most GCs. Here we present the detection of moderately P-enhanced stars among two out of seven bulge GCs (Tonantzintla 1 and NGC 6316), with metallicities similar to those of the bulge-field P-rich stars. Using H-band high-resolution (R ∼ 22,500) spectra from the APOGEE-2 survey, we present the first high-resolution abundance analysis of [P/Fe] from the P I 16482.932 Å line in a sample of selected bulge GCs. We find that all P-rich stars tend to also be N-rich, which hints at the origin of P-rich stars as second-generation stars in GCs. However no other correlations of P and other elements are found, which are usually indicators of second-generation stars. Further studies with larger samples and comparisons with field stars will be needed before any firm conclusions are drawn.

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organization
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Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Astronomical Journal
volume
170
issue
4
article number
245
publisher
IOP Publishing
external identifiers
  • scopus:105017468316
ISSN
0004-6256
DOI
10.3847/1538-3881/ae046b
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
85860f18-03ad-4383-8e2c-2943dafdff31
date added to LUP
2025-11-26 11:02:32
date last changed
2025-11-26 11:03:55
@article{85860f18-03ad-4383-8e2c-2943dafdff31,
  abstract     = {{<p>Phosphorus-enhanced (P-rich; [P/Fe] ≳ +0.8) giants have been found among mildly metal-poor field stars, but in only one star in a globular cluster (GC), M4 (NGC 6121). Also, in a sample of bulge spheroid stars, some of them showed a moderate P enhancement in the range +0.5 &lt; [P/Fe] &lt; +1.0. In this paper we derive the P abundance of moderately metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≳ −1) GC stars, aiming to check if the phenomenon could be related to the unusual multiple stellar populations found in most GCs. Here we present the detection of moderately P-enhanced stars among two out of seven bulge GCs (Tonantzintla 1 and NGC 6316), with metallicities similar to those of the bulge-field P-rich stars. Using H-band high-resolution (R ∼ 22,500) spectra from the APOGEE-2 survey, we present the first high-resolution abundance analysis of [P/Fe] from the P I 16482.932 Å line in a sample of selected bulge GCs. We find that all P-rich stars tend to also be N-rich, which hints at the origin of P-rich stars as second-generation stars in GCs. However no other correlations of P and other elements are found, which are usually indicators of second-generation stars. Further studies with larger samples and comparisons with field stars will be needed before any firm conclusions are drawn.</p>}},
  author       = {{Barbuy, Beatriz and Fernández-Trincado, José G. and Camargo, Morgan S. and Geisler, Doug and Brauner, Maren and Villanova, Sandro and Minniti, Dante and García-Hernández, Domingo Anibal and Souza, Stefano O. and Ernandes, Heitor and Friaça, Amâncio and Pignatari, Marco}},
  issn         = {{0004-6256}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  publisher    = {{IOP Publishing}},
  series       = {{Astronomical Journal}},
  title        = {{Investigating Phosphorus Abundances in a Sample of APOGEE-2 Bulge Globular Clusters}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ae046b}},
  doi          = {{10.3847/1538-3881/ae046b}},
  volume       = {{170}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}