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Impact of an intervention for osteoarthritis based on exercise and education on metabolic health : a register-based study using the SOAD cohort

Battista, Simone LU orcid ; Recenti, Filippo LU ; Kiadaliri, Ali LU orcid ; Lohmander, Stefan LU orcid ; Jönsson, Thérése LU ; Abbott, Allan ; Vinblad, Johanna ; Rolfson, Ola ; Englund, Martin LU orcid and Dell'Isola, Andrea LU orcid (2025) In RMD Open 11(1).
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of a 6-week osteoarthritis (OA) exercise and education intervention on metabolic health markers, including blood pressure (BP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol levels and weight in individuals with both OA and diabetes.

METHODS: Data originated from the Swedish Osteoarthritis and Diabetes cohort, which is composed of the Swedish Osteoarthritis Register (SOAR) and National Diabetes Register. We included individuals diagnosed with OA and diabetes who underwent the intervention between January 2008 and December 2019, matched with controls with diabetes who did not based on birth year, sex, OA site (hip/knee) and OA diagnosis year. Outcomes included... (More)

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of a 6-week osteoarthritis (OA) exercise and education intervention on metabolic health markers, including blood pressure (BP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol levels and weight in individuals with both OA and diabetes.

METHODS: Data originated from the Swedish Osteoarthritis and Diabetes cohort, which is composed of the Swedish Osteoarthritis Register (SOAR) and National Diabetes Register. We included individuals diagnosed with OA and diabetes who underwent the intervention between January 2008 and December 2019, matched with controls with diabetes who did not based on birth year, sex, OA site (hip/knee) and OA diagnosis year. Outcomes included BP, HbA1c, HDL, total cholesterol levels and weight measured up to 3 years before and after SOAR enrolment. Statistical analyses used two-way fixed-effect models.

RESULTS: The study included 4571 individuals with OA and diabetes (mean age: 69.5, SD: 7.8; women: 52.7%; knee OA: 71.2%) and 7925 controls. The intervention group showed a systolic BP decrease of approximately 1.0 mm Hg at 6 and 12 months compared with the control group. HDL levels increased by about 0.02 mmol/L at 12, 18 and 24 months. Weight decreased by approximately 0.5 kg at 6, 18 and 30 months. HbA1c levels increased by approximately 0.5 mmol/mol at 6 months. No essential differences were found in the total cholesterol levels.

CONCLUSION: An OA exercise and education intervention designed following OA clinical practice guidelines led to small and unlikely clinically relevant improvements in metabolic health markers in individuals with OA and diabetes.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Registries, Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis/therapy, Blood Pressure, Sweden/epidemiology, Exercise Therapy/methods, Exercise/physiology, Biomarkers, Cholesterol/blood, Patient Education as Topic
in
RMD Open
volume
11
issue
1
article number
e005133
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • scopus:85219151072
  • pmid:40010941
ISSN
2056-5933
DOI
10.1136/rmdopen-2024-005133
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group.
id
85a017f2-2a5e-4187-a6d4-393c164fde15
date added to LUP
2025-03-17 09:35:11
date last changed
2025-12-10 04:08:17
@article{85a017f2-2a5e-4187-a6d4-393c164fde15,
  abstract     = {{<p>OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of a 6-week osteoarthritis (OA) exercise and education intervention on metabolic health markers, including blood pressure (BP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol levels and weight in individuals with both OA and diabetes.</p><p>METHODS: Data originated from the Swedish Osteoarthritis and Diabetes cohort, which is composed of the Swedish Osteoarthritis Register (SOAR) and National Diabetes Register. We included individuals diagnosed with OA and diabetes who underwent the intervention between January 2008 and December 2019, matched with controls with diabetes who did not based on birth year, sex, OA site (hip/knee) and OA diagnosis year. Outcomes included BP, HbA1c, HDL, total cholesterol levels and weight measured up to 3 years before and after SOAR enrolment. Statistical analyses used two-way fixed-effect models.</p><p>RESULTS: The study included 4571 individuals with OA and diabetes (mean age: 69.5, SD: 7.8; women: 52.7%; knee OA: 71.2%) and 7925 controls. The intervention group showed a systolic BP decrease of approximately 1.0 mm Hg at 6 and 12 months compared with the control group. HDL levels increased by about 0.02 mmol/L at 12, 18 and 24 months. Weight decreased by approximately 0.5 kg at 6, 18 and 30 months. HbA1c levels increased by approximately 0.5 mmol/mol at 6 months. No essential differences were found in the total cholesterol levels.</p><p>CONCLUSION: An OA exercise and education intervention designed following OA clinical practice guidelines led to small and unlikely clinically relevant improvements in metabolic health markers in individuals with OA and diabetes.</p>}},
  author       = {{Battista, Simone and Recenti, Filippo and Kiadaliri, Ali and Lohmander, Stefan and Jönsson, Thérése and Abbott, Allan and Vinblad, Johanna and Rolfson, Ola and Englund, Martin and Dell'Isola, Andrea}},
  issn         = {{2056-5933}},
  keywords     = {{Humans; Male; Female; Aged; Registries; Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis/therapy; Blood Pressure; Sweden/epidemiology; Exercise Therapy/methods; Exercise/physiology; Biomarkers; Cholesterol/blood; Patient Education as Topic}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{RMD Open}},
  title        = {{Impact of an intervention for osteoarthritis based on exercise and education on metabolic health : a register-based study using the SOAD cohort}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2024-005133}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/rmdopen-2024-005133}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}