Insulin resistance and β-cell function in smokers : Results from the EGIR-RISC European multicentre study
(2017) In Diabetic Medicine 34(2). p.223-228- Abstract
Aims: Tobacco smoking is known to increase the long-term risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. This observational, cross-sectional study aims to compare measures of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in current, ex- and never-smokers. Methods: The study population included 1246 people without diabetes (mean age 44 years, 55% women) from the EGIR-RISC population, a large European multicentre cohort. Insulin sensitivity was measured using a hyperinsulinaemic, euglycaemic clamp and the homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Two β-cell function parameters were derived from measures during an oral glucose tolerance test: the early insulin response... (More)
Aims: Tobacco smoking is known to increase the long-term risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. This observational, cross-sectional study aims to compare measures of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in current, ex- and never-smokers. Methods: The study population included 1246 people without diabetes (mean age 44 years, 55% women) from the EGIR-RISC population, a large European multicentre cohort. Insulin sensitivity was measured using a hyperinsulinaemic, euglycaemic clamp and the homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Two β-cell function parameters were derived from measures during an oral glucose tolerance test: the early insulin response index and β-cell glucose sensitivity. Additionally, the areas under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test were calculated for glucose, insulin and C-peptide. Results: According to smoking habits, there were differences in insulin sensitivity, which was lower in women who smoked, and in β-cell glucose sensitivity, which was lower in men who smoked, but these associations lost significance after adjustment. However, after adjustment, the areas under the glucose and the C-peptide curves during the oral glucose tolerance test were significantly higher in men who smoked. Conclusions: Smoking habits were not independently associated with insulin sensitivity or β-cell function in a healthy middle-aged European population. Health-selection bias, methodological shortcomings or a true lack of causal links between smoking and impaired insulin sensitivity/secretion are possible explanations. The mechanisms behind the observed increased glucose and C-peptide areas under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test in male smokers need to be further evaluated.
(Less)
- author
- Gottsäter, M. LU ; Balkau, B. ; Hatunic, M. ; Gabriel, R. ; Anderwald, C. H. ; Dekker, J. ; Lalic, N. and Nilsson, P. M. LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2017
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Diabetic Medicine
- volume
- 34
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 223 - 228
- publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:27334352
- wos:000394136800011
- scopus:84994410785
- ISSN
- 0742-3071
- DOI
- 10.1111/dme.13172
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 85fd577b-ae91-4e40-8270-c5c34914a5a3
- date added to LUP
- 2016-12-05 10:53:41
- date last changed
- 2024-01-04 18:01:12
@article{85fd577b-ae91-4e40-8270-c5c34914a5a3,
abstract = {{<p>Aims: Tobacco smoking is known to increase the long-term risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. This observational, cross-sectional study aims to compare measures of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in current, ex- and never-smokers. Methods: The study population included 1246 people without diabetes (mean age 44 years, 55% women) from the EGIR-RISC population, a large European multicentre cohort. Insulin sensitivity was measured using a hyperinsulinaemic, euglycaemic clamp and the homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Two β-cell function parameters were derived from measures during an oral glucose tolerance test: the early insulin response index and β-cell glucose sensitivity. Additionally, the areas under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test were calculated for glucose, insulin and C-peptide. Results: According to smoking habits, there were differences in insulin sensitivity, which was lower in women who smoked, and in β-cell glucose sensitivity, which was lower in men who smoked, but these associations lost significance after adjustment. However, after adjustment, the areas under the glucose and the C-peptide curves during the oral glucose tolerance test were significantly higher in men who smoked. Conclusions: Smoking habits were not independently associated with insulin sensitivity or β-cell function in a healthy middle-aged European population. Health-selection bias, methodological shortcomings or a true lack of causal links between smoking and impaired insulin sensitivity/secretion are possible explanations. The mechanisms behind the observed increased glucose and C-peptide areas under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test in male smokers need to be further evaluated.</p>}},
author = {{Gottsäter, M. and Balkau, B. and Hatunic, M. and Gabriel, R. and Anderwald, C. H. and Dekker, J. and Lalic, N. and Nilsson, P. M.}},
issn = {{0742-3071}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{223--228}},
publisher = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
series = {{Diabetic Medicine}},
title = {{Insulin resistance and β-cell function in smokers : Results from the EGIR-RISC European multicentre study}},
url = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/25112272/17831663.pdf}},
doi = {{10.1111/dme.13172}},
volume = {{34}},
year = {{2017}},
}