Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

An atlas of resolved spectral features in the transmission spectrum of WASP-189 b with MAROON-X

Prinoth, B. LU orcid ; Hoeijmakers, H. J. ; Morris, B. M. ; Lam, M. ; Kitzmann, D. ; Sedaghati, E. ; Seidel, J. V. ; Lee, E. K.H. ; Thorsbro, B. LU orcid and Borsato, N. W. LU orcid , et al. (2024) In Astronomy and Astrophysics 685.
Abstract

Exoplanets in the ultra-hot Jupiter regime provide an excellent laboratory for testing the impact of stellar irradiation on the dynamics and chemical composition of gas giant atmospheres. In this study, we observed two transits of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-189 b with MAROON-X/Gemini-North to probe its high-altitude atmospheric layers, using strong absorption lines. We derived posterior probability distributions for the planetary and stellar parameters by calculating the stellar spectrum behind the planet at every orbital phase during the transit. This was used to correct the Rossiter- McLaughlin imprint on the transmission spectra. Using differential transmission spectroscopy, we detect strong absorption lines of Ca+,... (More)

Exoplanets in the ultra-hot Jupiter regime provide an excellent laboratory for testing the impact of stellar irradiation on the dynamics and chemical composition of gas giant atmospheres. In this study, we observed two transits of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-189 b with MAROON-X/Gemini-North to probe its high-altitude atmospheric layers, using strong absorption lines. We derived posterior probability distributions for the planetary and stellar parameters by calculating the stellar spectrum behind the planet at every orbital phase during the transit. This was used to correct the Rossiter- McLaughlin imprint on the transmission spectra. Using differential transmission spectroscopy, we detect strong absorption lines of Ca+, Ba+, Na, Hα, Mg, Fe, and Fe+, providing an unprecedented and detailed view of the atmospheric chemical composition. Ca+ absorption is particularly well suited for analysis through time-resolved narrow-band spectroscopy, owing to its transition lines formed in high-altitude layers. The spectral absorption lines show no significant blueshifts that would indicate high-altitude day-to-night winds, and further analysis is needed to investigate the implications for atmospheric dynamics. These high signal-to-noise observations provide a benchmark data set for testing high-resolution retrievals and the assumptions of atmospheric models. We also simulate observations of WASP-189 b with ANDES/ELT, and show that ANDES will be highly sensitive to the individual absorption lines of a myriad of elements and molecules, including TiO and CO.

(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and , et al. (More)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and (Less)
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Planets and satellites: atmospheres, Planets and satellites: gaseous planets, Planets and satellites: individual: WASP-189 b, Techniques: spectroscopic
in
Astronomy and Astrophysics
volume
685
article number
A60
publisher
EDP Sciences
external identifiers
  • scopus:85192683208
ISSN
0004-6361
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202349125
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
97e268db-2945-4dcc-97f0-ff5eb03bee09
date added to LUP
2024-05-23 15:28:38
date last changed
2024-05-23 15:30:01
@article{97e268db-2945-4dcc-97f0-ff5eb03bee09,
  abstract     = {{<p>Exoplanets in the ultra-hot Jupiter regime provide an excellent laboratory for testing the impact of stellar irradiation on the dynamics and chemical composition of gas giant atmospheres. In this study, we observed two transits of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-189 b with MAROON-X/Gemini-North to probe its high-altitude atmospheric layers, using strong absorption lines. We derived posterior probability distributions for the planetary and stellar parameters by calculating the stellar spectrum behind the planet at every orbital phase during the transit. This was used to correct the Rossiter- McLaughlin imprint on the transmission spectra. Using differential transmission spectroscopy, we detect strong absorption lines of Ca<sup>+</sup>, Ba<sup>+</sup>, Na, Hα, Mg, Fe, and Fe<sup>+</sup>, providing an unprecedented and detailed view of the atmospheric chemical composition. Ca<sup>+</sup> absorption is particularly well suited for analysis through time-resolved narrow-band spectroscopy, owing to its transition lines formed in high-altitude layers. The spectral absorption lines show no significant blueshifts that would indicate high-altitude day-to-night winds, and further analysis is needed to investigate the implications for atmospheric dynamics. These high signal-to-noise observations provide a benchmark data set for testing high-resolution retrievals and the assumptions of atmospheric models. We also simulate observations of WASP-189 b with ANDES/ELT, and show that ANDES will be highly sensitive to the individual absorption lines of a myriad of elements and molecules, including TiO and CO.</p>}},
  author       = {{Prinoth, B. and Hoeijmakers, H. J. and Morris, B. M. and Lam, M. and Kitzmann, D. and Sedaghati, E. and Seidel, J. V. and Lee, E. K.H. and Thorsbro, B. and Borsato, N. W. and Damasceno, Y. C. and Pelletier, S. and Seifahrt, A.}},
  issn         = {{0004-6361}},
  keywords     = {{Planets and satellites: atmospheres; Planets and satellites: gaseous planets; Planets and satellites: individual: WASP-189 b; Techniques: spectroscopic}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{EDP Sciences}},
  series       = {{Astronomy and Astrophysics}},
  title        = {{An atlas of resolved spectral features in the transmission spectrum of WASP-189 b with MAROON-X}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202349125}},
  doi          = {{10.1051/0004-6361/202349125}},
  volume       = {{685}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}