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The UV Dose Used for Disinfection of Drinking Water in Sweden Inadequately Inactivates Enteric Virus with Double-Stranded Genomes

Saguti, Fredy ; Churqui, Marianela Patzi ; Kjellberg, Inger ; Wang, Hao ; Ottoson, Jakob ; Paul, Catherine LU orcid ; Bergstedt, Olof ; Norder, Heléne and Nyström, Kristina (2022) In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(14).
Abstract

Irradiation with ultraviolet light (UV) at 254 nm is effective in inactivating a wide range of human pathogens. In Sweden, a UV dose of 400 J/m2 is often used for the treatment of drinking water. To investigate its effect on virus inactivation, enteric viruses with different genomic organizations were irradiated with three UV doses (400, 600, and 1000 J/m2), after which their viability on cell cultures was examined. Adenovirus type 2 (double-stranded DNA), simian rotavirus 11 (double-stranded RNA), and echovirus 30 (single-stranded RNA) were suspended in tap water and pumped into a laboratory-scale Aquada 1 UV reactor. Echovirus 30 was reduced by 3.6-log10 by a UV dose of 400 J/m2. Simian... (More)

Irradiation with ultraviolet light (UV) at 254 nm is effective in inactivating a wide range of human pathogens. In Sweden, a UV dose of 400 J/m2 is often used for the treatment of drinking water. To investigate its effect on virus inactivation, enteric viruses with different genomic organizations were irradiated with three UV doses (400, 600, and 1000 J/m2), after which their viability on cell cultures was examined. Adenovirus type 2 (double-stranded DNA), simian rotavirus 11 (double-stranded RNA), and echovirus 30 (single-stranded RNA) were suspended in tap water and pumped into a laboratory-scale Aquada 1 UV reactor. Echovirus 30 was reduced by 3.6-log10 by a UV dose of 400 J/m2. Simian rotavirus 11 and adenovirus type 2 were more UV resistant with only 1-log10 reduction at 400 J/m2 and needed 600 J/m2 for 2.9-log10 and 3.1-log10 reductions, respectively. There was no significant increase in the reduction of viral viability at higher UV doses, which may indicate the presence of UV-resistant viruses. These results show that higher UV doses than those usually used in Swedish drinking water treatment plants should be considered in combination with other barriers to disinfect the water when there is a risk of fecal contamination of the water.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
drinking water, echovirus 30, enteric viruses, human adenovirus 2, rotavirus SA11, ultraviolet light
in
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
volume
19
issue
14
article number
8669
publisher
MDPI AG
external identifiers
  • pmid:35886521
  • scopus:85135107155
ISSN
1661-7827
DOI
10.3390/ijerph19148669
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
99cff393-9c22-4df5-8518-d1620cb325bf
date added to LUP
2022-10-11 14:04:48
date last changed
2025-05-02 21:03:48
@article{99cff393-9c22-4df5-8518-d1620cb325bf,
  abstract     = {{<p>Irradiation with ultraviolet light (UV) at 254 nm is effective in inactivating a wide range of human pathogens. In Sweden, a UV dose of 400 J/m<sup>2</sup> is often used for the treatment of drinking water. To investigate its effect on virus inactivation, enteric viruses with different genomic organizations were irradiated with three UV doses (400, 600, and 1000 J/m<sup>2</sup>), after which their viability on cell cultures was examined. Adenovirus type 2 (double-stranded DNA), simian rotavirus 11 (double-stranded RNA), and echovirus 30 (single-stranded RNA) were suspended in tap water and pumped into a laboratory-scale Aquada 1 UV reactor. Echovirus 30 was reduced by 3.6-log<sub>10</sub> by a UV dose of 400 J/m<sup>2</sup>. Simian rotavirus 11 and adenovirus type 2 were more UV resistant with only 1-log<sub>10</sub> reduction at 400 J/m<sup>2</sup> and needed 600 J/m<sup>2</sup> for 2.9-log<sub>10</sub> and 3.1-log<sub>10</sub> reductions, respectively. There was no significant increase in the reduction of viral viability at higher UV doses, which may indicate the presence of UV-resistant viruses. These results show that higher UV doses than those usually used in Swedish drinking water treatment plants should be considered in combination with other barriers to disinfect the water when there is a risk of fecal contamination of the water.</p>}},
  author       = {{Saguti, Fredy and Churqui, Marianela Patzi and Kjellberg, Inger and Wang, Hao and Ottoson, Jakob and Paul, Catherine and Bergstedt, Olof and Norder, Heléne and Nyström, Kristina}},
  issn         = {{1661-7827}},
  keywords     = {{drinking water; echovirus 30; enteric viruses; human adenovirus 2; rotavirus SA11; ultraviolet light}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{14}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}},
  title        = {{The UV Dose Used for Disinfection of Drinking Water in Sweden Inadequately Inactivates Enteric Virus with Double-Stranded Genomes}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148669}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/ijerph19148669}},
  volume       = {{19}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}