Alteration in Cerebral Metabolism in a Rodent Model of Acute Sub-lethal Cyanide Poisoning
(2023) In Journal of Medical Toxicology 19(2). p.196-204- Abstract
Introduction: Cyanide exposure can occur in various settings such as industry and metallurgy. The primary mechanism of injury is cellular hypoxia from Complex IV (CIV) inhibition. This leads to decreased ATP production and increased reactive oxygen species production. The brain and the heart are the organs most affected due to their high metabolic demand. While the cardiac effects of cyanide are well known, the cerebral effects on cellular function are less well described. We investigated cerebral metabolism with a combination of brain respirometry, microdialysis, and western blotting using a rodent model of sub-lethal cyanide poisoning. Methods: Twenty rodents were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) and sub-lethal cyanide (n =... (More)
Introduction: Cyanide exposure can occur in various settings such as industry and metallurgy. The primary mechanism of injury is cellular hypoxia from Complex IV (CIV) inhibition. This leads to decreased ATP production and increased reactive oxygen species production. The brain and the heart are the organs most affected due to their high metabolic demand. While the cardiac effects of cyanide are well known, the cerebral effects on cellular function are less well described. We investigated cerebral metabolism with a combination of brain respirometry, microdialysis, and western blotting using a rodent model of sub-lethal cyanide poisoning. Methods: Twenty rodents were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) and sub-lethal cyanide (n = 10). Cerebral microdialysis was performed during a 2 mg/kg/h cyanide exposure to obtain real-time measurements of cerebral metabolic status. At the end of the exposure (90 min), brain-isolated mitochondria were measured for mitochondrial respiration. Brain tissue ATP concentrations, acyl-Coenzyme A thioesters, and mitochondrial content were also measured. Results: The cyanide group showed significantly increased lactate and decreased hypotension with decreased cerebral CIV-linked mitochondrial respiration. There was also a significant decrease in cerebral ATP concentration in the cyanide group and a significantly higher cerebral lactate-to-pyruvate ratio (LPR). In addition, we also found decreased expression of Complex III and IV protein expression in brain tissue from the cyanide group. Finally, there was no change in acyl-coenzyme A thioesters between the two groups. Conclusions: The key finding demonstrates mitochondrial dysfunction in brain tissue that corresponds with a decrease in mitochondrial function, ATP concentrations, and an elevated LPR indicating brain dysfunction at a sub-lethal dose of cyanide.
(Less)
- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Basic science, Cerebral metabolism, Cyanide, Mitochondria
- in
- Journal of Medical Toxicology
- volume
- 19
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 196 - 204
- publisher
- Springer
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:36757579
- scopus:85147744213
- ISSN
- 1556-9039
- DOI
- 10.1007/s13181-022-00928-w
- project
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in drug and chemical toxicity: mechanism, target identification and therapeutic development
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 9d363a88-1428-4d4e-a85d-7a56e0c6814f
- date added to LUP
- 2023-02-23 15:43:52
- date last changed
- 2024-09-06 08:21:48
@article{9d363a88-1428-4d4e-a85d-7a56e0c6814f, abstract = {{<p>Introduction: Cyanide exposure can occur in various settings such as industry and metallurgy. The primary mechanism of injury is cellular hypoxia from Complex IV (CIV) inhibition. This leads to decreased ATP production and increased reactive oxygen species production. The brain and the heart are the organs most affected due to their high metabolic demand. While the cardiac effects of cyanide are well known, the cerebral effects on cellular function are less well described. We investigated cerebral metabolism with a combination of brain respirometry, microdialysis, and western blotting using a rodent model of sub-lethal cyanide poisoning. Methods: Twenty rodents were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) and sub-lethal cyanide (n = 10). Cerebral microdialysis was performed during a 2 mg/kg/h cyanide exposure to obtain real-time measurements of cerebral metabolic status. At the end of the exposure (90 min), brain-isolated mitochondria were measured for mitochondrial respiration. Brain tissue ATP concentrations, acyl-Coenzyme A thioesters, and mitochondrial content were also measured. Results: The cyanide group showed significantly increased lactate and decreased hypotension with decreased cerebral CIV-linked mitochondrial respiration. There was also a significant decrease in cerebral ATP concentration in the cyanide group and a significantly higher cerebral lactate-to-pyruvate ratio (LPR). In addition, we also found decreased expression of Complex III and IV protein expression in brain tissue from the cyanide group. Finally, there was no change in acyl-coenzyme A thioesters between the two groups. Conclusions: The key finding demonstrates mitochondrial dysfunction in brain tissue that corresponds with a decrease in mitochondrial function, ATP concentrations, and an elevated LPR indicating brain dysfunction at a sub-lethal dose of cyanide.</p>}}, author = {{Alomaja, Oladunni and Shofer, Frances S. and Greenwood, John C. and Piel, Sarah and Clayman, Carly and Mesaros, Clementina and Kao, Shih Han and Shin, Samuel S. and Ehinger, Johannes K. and Kilbaugh, Todd J. and Jang, David H.}}, issn = {{1556-9039}}, keywords = {{Basic science; Cerebral metabolism; Cyanide; Mitochondria}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{196--204}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, series = {{Journal of Medical Toxicology}}, title = {{Alteration in Cerebral Metabolism in a Rodent Model of Acute Sub-lethal Cyanide Poisoning}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-022-00928-w}}, doi = {{10.1007/s13181-022-00928-w}}, volume = {{19}}, year = {{2023}}, }