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Soft X-ray spectroscopy of liquids: Development and characterization of a flat jet nozzle system with experimental applications

Gallo, Tamires LU (2024)
Abstract
In this thesis, I report the development and implementation of 3D-printed flat sheet nozzles for advancing liquid-phase soft X-ray spectroscopy at MAX IV Laboratory in Paper II. The nozzles presented here, discussed in Paper III, were custom designed for the FlexPES beamline and deliver flat liquid sheets of micrometer thickness. The planar shape of the liquid leaf generated with these nozzles serves to significantly simplify the measurement geometry, allowing a more accurate interpretation of experimental results. In addition, I also demonstrate, that these significantly thinner sheets facilitate transmission-mode X-ray absorption measurements, thus expanding experimental capabilities for liquid jet users at MAX IV.
To demonstrate the... (More)
In this thesis, I report the development and implementation of 3D-printed flat sheet nozzles for advancing liquid-phase soft X-ray spectroscopy at MAX IV Laboratory in Paper II. The nozzles presented here, discussed in Paper III, were custom designed for the FlexPES beamline and deliver flat liquid sheets of micrometer thickness. The planar shape of the liquid leaf generated with these nozzles serves to significantly simplify the measurement geometry, allowing a more accurate interpretation of experimental results. In addition, I also demonstrate, that these significantly thinner sheets facilitate transmission-mode X-ray absorption measurements, thus expanding experimental capabilities for liquid jet users at MAX IV.
To demonstrate the type of experiments that could benefit from the use of flat sheet nozzles, we studied the impact of angular distribution on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data from aqueous solutions. The study comprises two parts: In paper I, the angular distribution of N 1s photoelectrons from an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution was investigated using a cylindrical microjet and the surface propensity of the solute ions in the same sample was investigated using a liquid flat jet. In paper IV, we investigated the angular effects observed in photoelectron spectra recorded for a range of potassium carboxylate aqueous solutions. In particular, we explored how molecular orientation, influenced by alkyl chain length, affects the observed X-ray photoelectron spectra. (Less)
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author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Rensmo, Håkan, Inst. för fysik och astronomi, Uppsala universitet
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Liquid microjet, liquid flat jet, nozzle, Soft X-ray spectroscopy
pages
114 pages
publisher
Lund University (Media-Tryck)
defense location
Rydbergsalen, Department of Physics
defense date
2024-10-24 13:15:00
ISBN
978-91-8104-204-7
978-91-8104-203-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a1aea8b2-3cac-4a51-b8aa-d8be2d8ebd84
date added to LUP
2024-09-18 20:06:53
date last changed
2024-10-03 12:11:06
@phdthesis{a1aea8b2-3cac-4a51-b8aa-d8be2d8ebd84,
  abstract     = {{In this thesis, I report the development and implementation of 3D-printed flat sheet nozzles for advancing liquid-phase soft X-ray spectroscopy at MAX IV Laboratory in Paper II. The nozzles presented here, discussed in Paper III, were custom designed for the FlexPES beamline and deliver flat liquid sheets of micrometer thickness. The planar shape of the liquid leaf generated with these nozzles serves to significantly simplify the measurement geometry, allowing a more accurate interpretation of experimental results. In addition, I also demonstrate, that these significantly thinner sheets facilitate transmission-mode X-ray absorption measurements, thus expanding experimental capabilities for liquid jet users at MAX IV.<br/>To demonstrate the type of experiments that could benefit from the use of flat sheet nozzles, we studied the impact of angular distribution on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data from aqueous solutions. The study comprises two parts: In paper I, the angular distribution of N 1s photoelectrons from an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution was investigated using a cylindrical microjet and the surface propensity of the solute ions in the same sample was investigated using a liquid flat jet. In paper IV, we investigated the angular effects observed in photoelectron spectra recorded for a range of potassium carboxylate aqueous solutions. In particular, we explored how molecular orientation, influenced by alkyl chain length, affects the observed X-ray photoelectron spectra.}},
  author       = {{Gallo, Tamires}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-8104-204-7}},
  keywords     = {{Liquid microjet; liquid flat jet; nozzle; Soft X-ray spectroscopy}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Lund University (Media-Tryck)}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Soft X-ray spectroscopy of liquids: Development and characterization of a flat jet nozzle system with experimental applications}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/195398288/e-spik_ex_Tamires.pdf}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}