Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Bikini textile contact dermatitis : A Sherlockian approach revealing 2.4-dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen

Pesqué, David ; March-Rodriguez, Álvaro ; Dahlin, Jakob LU ; Isaksson, Marléne LU ; Pujol, Ramon M. ; Giménez-Arnau, Elena and Giménez-Arnau, Ana M. (2021) In Contact Dermatitis 85(6). p.679-685
Abstract

Background: Different textile constituents may act as allergens and/or irritants and provoke textile contact dermatitis (TCD). Objectives: To report a case of TCD caused by ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol, present in a bikini. Methods: A woman presented with an eczematous, pruritic rash in the area of the bikini straps and back. Patch testing was performed with the European baseline, textile, sunscreen, and photo-patch series, the bikini “as is”, and ethanol and acetone extracts of the bikini. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of the extracts and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis were used to elucidate the culprit agents. Results: Positive reactions were found to the bikini “as is” and to the... (More)

Background: Different textile constituents may act as allergens and/or irritants and provoke textile contact dermatitis (TCD). Objectives: To report a case of TCD caused by ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol, present in a bikini. Methods: A woman presented with an eczematous, pruritic rash in the area of the bikini straps and back. Patch testing was performed with the European baseline, textile, sunscreen, and photo-patch series, the bikini “as is”, and ethanol and acetone extracts of the bikini. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of the extracts and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis were used to elucidate the culprit agents. Results: Positive reactions were found to the bikini “as is” and to the ethanol and acetone extracts. Patch testing with TLC strips showed a strong reaction to spots-fractions 3 and 4. GC–MS was performed to identify substances in each fraction and those suspected to be skin sensitisers were patch tested. On day (D) 4 positive reactions to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (irritant reaction) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (++) were observed. Conclusion: A myriad of chemical compounds can be found in clothing. Ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol were identified as the potential culprits of this bikini TCD. Highlights: We have combined chemical analyses (thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) to study a case of textile contact dermatitis. As such, the presence of a myriad of chemical compounds was found in a bikini, suggesting that clothing in general may become impregnated or contaminated by a wide range of external substances that may be harmful to the skin. Textile contact dermatitis could in this case be attributed to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (CAS No. 4536-30-5) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (CAS No. 120-83-2), the latter not yet previously described as a textile contact allergen.

(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
2.4-dichlorophenol, allergic contact dermatitis, ethylene glycol monododecyl ether, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, irritant contact dermatitis, patch test, textile contact dermatitis, thin-layer chromatography
in
Contact Dermatitis
volume
85
issue
6
pages
679 - 685
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85111743496
  • pmid:34291473
ISSN
0105-1873
DOI
10.1111/cod.13946
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a297d549-0b00-46f1-bf43-1e41f2826a22
date added to LUP
2021-08-30 15:01:28
date last changed
2024-06-15 15:21:55
@article{a297d549-0b00-46f1-bf43-1e41f2826a22,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Different textile constituents may act as allergens and/or irritants and provoke textile contact dermatitis (TCD). Objectives: To report a case of TCD caused by ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol, present in a bikini. Methods: A woman presented with an eczematous, pruritic rash in the area of the bikini straps and back. Patch testing was performed with the European baseline, textile, sunscreen, and photo-patch series, the bikini “as is”, and ethanol and acetone extracts of the bikini. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of the extracts and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis were used to elucidate the culprit agents. Results: Positive reactions were found to the bikini “as is” and to the ethanol and acetone extracts. Patch testing with TLC strips showed a strong reaction to spots-fractions 3 and 4. GC–MS was performed to identify substances in each fraction and those suspected to be skin sensitisers were patch tested. On day (D) 4 positive reactions to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (irritant reaction) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (++) were observed. Conclusion: A myriad of chemical compounds can be found in clothing. Ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol were identified as the potential culprits of this bikini TCD. Highlights: We have combined chemical analyses (thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) to study a case of textile contact dermatitis. As such, the presence of a myriad of chemical compounds was found in a bikini, suggesting that clothing in general may become impregnated or contaminated by a wide range of external substances that may be harmful to the skin. Textile contact dermatitis could in this case be attributed to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (CAS No. 4536-30-5) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (CAS No. 120-83-2), the latter not yet previously described as a textile contact allergen.</p>}},
  author       = {{Pesqué, David and March-Rodriguez, Álvaro and Dahlin, Jakob and Isaksson, Marléne and Pujol, Ramon M. and Giménez-Arnau, Elena and Giménez-Arnau, Ana M.}},
  issn         = {{0105-1873}},
  keywords     = {{2.4-dichlorophenol; allergic contact dermatitis; ethylene glycol monododecyl ether; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; irritant contact dermatitis; patch test; textile contact dermatitis; thin-layer chromatography}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{679--685}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Contact Dermatitis}},
  title        = {{Bikini textile contact dermatitis : A Sherlockian approach revealing 2.4-dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.13946}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/cod.13946}},
  volume       = {{85}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}