The resilience of Amazon tree cover to past and present drying
(2021) In Global and Planetary Change 202.- Abstract
The Amazon forest is increasingly vulnerable to dieback and encroachment of grasslands and agricultural fields. Threats to these forested ecosystems include drying, deforestation, and fire, but feedbacks among these make it difficult to determine their relative importance. Here, we reconstruct the central and western Amazon tree cover response to aridity and fire in the mid-Holocene—a time of less intensive human land use and markedly drier conditions than today—to assess the resilience of tree cover to drying and the strength of vegetation-climate feedbacks. We use pollen, charcoal, and speleothem oxygen isotope proxy data to show that Amazon tree cover in the mid-Holocene was resilient to drying in excess of the driest bias-corrected... (More)
The Amazon forest is increasingly vulnerable to dieback and encroachment of grasslands and agricultural fields. Threats to these forested ecosystems include drying, deforestation, and fire, but feedbacks among these make it difficult to determine their relative importance. Here, we reconstruct the central and western Amazon tree cover response to aridity and fire in the mid-Holocene—a time of less intensive human land use and markedly drier conditions than today—to assess the resilience of tree cover to drying and the strength of vegetation-climate feedbacks. We use pollen, charcoal, and speleothem oxygen isotope proxy data to show that Amazon tree cover in the mid-Holocene was resilient to drying in excess of the driest bias-corrected future precipitation projections. Experiments with a dynamic global vegetation model (LPJ-GUESS) suggest tree cover resilience may be owed to weak feedbacks that act to amplify tree cover loss with drying. We also compare these results to observational data and find that, under limited human interference, modern tree cover is likely similarly resilient to mid-Holocene levels of aridification. Our results suggest human-driven fire and deforestation likely pose a greater threat to the future of Amazon ecosystems than drying alone.
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- author
- Kukla, Tyler ; Ahlström, Anders LU ; Maezumi, S. Yoshi ; Chevalier, Manuel ; Lu, Zhengyao LU ; Winnick, Matthew J. and Chamberlain, C. Page
- organization
- publishing date
- 2021-07-01
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Amazon resilience, Dynamic global vegetation model, Fire, Mid-Holocene, Oxygen isotopes, Pollen
- in
- Global and Planetary Change
- volume
- 202
- article number
- 103520
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85106961663
- ISSN
- 0921-8181
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103520
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- a64e2767-3aec-4f01-bcc7-cf9370bf14cc
- date added to LUP
- 2021-06-11 10:56:43
- date last changed
- 2023-02-21 10:20:08
@article{a64e2767-3aec-4f01-bcc7-cf9370bf14cc, abstract = {{<p>The Amazon forest is increasingly vulnerable to dieback and encroachment of grasslands and agricultural fields. Threats to these forested ecosystems include drying, deforestation, and fire, but feedbacks among these make it difficult to determine their relative importance. Here, we reconstruct the central and western Amazon tree cover response to aridity and fire in the mid-Holocene—a time of less intensive human land use and markedly drier conditions than today—to assess the resilience of tree cover to drying and the strength of vegetation-climate feedbacks. We use pollen, charcoal, and speleothem oxygen isotope proxy data to show that Amazon tree cover in the mid-Holocene was resilient to drying in excess of the driest bias-corrected future precipitation projections. Experiments with a dynamic global vegetation model (LPJ-GUESS) suggest tree cover resilience may be owed to weak feedbacks that act to amplify tree cover loss with drying. We also compare these results to observational data and find that, under limited human interference, modern tree cover is likely similarly resilient to mid-Holocene levels of aridification. Our results suggest human-driven fire and deforestation likely pose a greater threat to the future of Amazon ecosystems than drying alone.</p>}}, author = {{Kukla, Tyler and Ahlström, Anders and Maezumi, S. Yoshi and Chevalier, Manuel and Lu, Zhengyao and Winnick, Matthew J. and Chamberlain, C. Page}}, issn = {{0921-8181}}, keywords = {{Amazon resilience; Dynamic global vegetation model; Fire; Mid-Holocene; Oxygen isotopes; Pollen}}, language = {{eng}}, month = {{07}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, series = {{Global and Planetary Change}}, title = {{The resilience of Amazon tree cover to past and present drying}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103520}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103520}}, volume = {{202}}, year = {{2021}}, }