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Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution : An analysis in the european study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)

Fuks, Kateryna B. ; Weinmayr, Gudrun ; Foraster, Maria ; Dratva, Julia ; Hampel, Regina ; Houthuijs, Danny ; Oftedal, Bente ; Oudin, Anna LU ; Panasevich, Sviatlana and Penell, Johanna , et al. (2014) In Environmental Health Perspectives 122(9). p.896-905
Abstract

Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific. Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering... (More)

Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific. Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic BP, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in nonmedicated participants [0.35 mmHg (95% CI: 0.02, 0.68) and 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively]. The estimated odds ratio (OR) for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.11) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modeled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated. Conclusions: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts, we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in nonmedicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modeled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
in
Environmental Health Perspectives
volume
122
issue
9
pages
10 pages
publisher
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
external identifiers
  • scopus:84906875865
  • pmid:24835507
ISSN
0091-6765
DOI
10.1289/ehp.1307725
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
a9d2c3d1-fc56-4e46-977b-f029ed4309e4
date added to LUP
2016-09-27 09:59:53
date last changed
2024-05-17 13:00:26
@article{a9d2c3d1-fc56-4e46-977b-f029ed4309e4,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country specific. Objectives: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. Methods: We analyzed 15 population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). We modeled residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides with land use regression using a uniform protocol. We assessed traffic exposure with traffic indicator variables. We analyzed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and nonmedicated with BP-lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic BP, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in nonmedicated participants [0.35 mmHg (95% CI: 0.02, 0.68) and 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively]. The estimated odds ratio (OR) for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.11) per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modeled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated. Conclusions: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts, we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in nonmedicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modeled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent.</p>}},
  author       = {{Fuks, Kateryna B. and Weinmayr, Gudrun and Foraster, Maria and Dratva, Julia and Hampel, Regina and Houthuijs, Danny and Oftedal, Bente and Oudin, Anna and Panasevich, Sviatlana and Penell, Johanna and Sommar, Johan N. and Sørensen, Mette and Tiittanen, Pekka and Wolf, Kathrin and Xun, Wei W. and Aguilera, Inmaculada and Basagaña, Xavier and Beelen, Rob and Bots, Michiel L. and Brunekreef, Bert and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas and Caracciolo, Barbara and Cirach, Marta and de Faire, Ulf and de Nazelle, Audrey and Eeftens, Marloes and Elosua, Roberto and Erbel, Raimund and Forsberg, Bertil and Fratiglioni, Laura and Gaspoz, Jean Michel and Hilding, Agneta and Jula, Antti and Korek, Michal and Krämer, Ursula and Künzli, Nino and Lanki, Timo and Leander, Karin and Magnusson, Patrik K E and Marrugat, Jaume and Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. and Östenson, Claes Göran and Pedersen, Nancy L. and Pershagen, Göran and Phuleria, Harish C. and Probst-Hensch, Nicole M. and Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole and Schaffner, Emmanuel and Schikowski, Tamara and Schindler, Christian and Schwarze, Per E. and Søgaard, Anne J. and Sugiri, Dorothea and Swart, Wim J R and Tsai, Ming Yi and Turunen, Anu W. and Vineis, Paolo and Peters, Annette and Hoffmann, Barbara}},
  issn         = {{0091-6765}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{896--905}},
  publisher    = {{National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences}},
  series       = {{Environmental Health Perspectives}},
  title        = {{Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution : An analysis in the european study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307725}},
  doi          = {{10.1289/ehp.1307725}},
  volume       = {{122}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}