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The Intestine Plays a Substantial Role in Human Vitamin B6 Metabolism : A Caco-2 Cell Model

Albersen, Monique ; Bosma, Marjolein ; Knoers, Nine V.V.A.M. ; de Ruiter, Berna H.B. ; Diekman, Eugène F. ; de Ruijter, Jessica ; Visser, Wouter F. ; de Koning, Tom J. LU and Verhoeven-Duif, Nanda M. (2013) In PLoS ONE 8(1).
Abstract

Background: Vitamin B6 is present in various forms (vitamers) in the diet that need to be metabolized to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the active cofactor form of vitamin B6. In literature, the liver has been reported to be the major site for this conversion, whereas the exact role of the intestine remains to be elucidated. Objective: To gain insight into the role of the intestine in human vitamin B6 metabolism. Materials and Methods: Expression of the enzymes pyridoxal kinase (PK), pyridox(am)ine phosphate oxidase (PNPO) and PLP-phosphatase was determined in Caco-2 cells and in lysates of human intestine. Vitamin B6 uptake, conversion and excretion were studied in polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers. B6 vitamer concentrations (pyridoxine... (More)

Background: Vitamin B6 is present in various forms (vitamers) in the diet that need to be metabolized to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the active cofactor form of vitamin B6. In literature, the liver has been reported to be the major site for this conversion, whereas the exact role of the intestine remains to be elucidated. Objective: To gain insight into the role of the intestine in human vitamin B6 metabolism. Materials and Methods: Expression of the enzymes pyridoxal kinase (PK), pyridox(am)ine phosphate oxidase (PNPO) and PLP-phosphatase was determined in Caco-2 cells and in lysates of human intestine. Vitamin B6 uptake, conversion and excretion were studied in polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers. B6 vitamer concentrations (pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL), PLP, pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxamine phosphate (PMP)) and pyridoxic acid (PA) were quantified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) using stable isotope-labeled internal standards. Results: The enzymatic system involved in vitamin B6 metabolism (PK, PNPO and PLP-phosphatase) is fully expressed in Caco-2 cells as well as in human intestine. We show uptake of PN, PM and PL by Caco-2 cells, conversion of PN and PM into PL and excretion of all three unphosphorylated B6 vitamers. Conclusion: We demonstrate, in a Caco-2 cell model, that the intestine plays a substantial role in human vitamin B6 metabolism.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
PLoS ONE
volume
8
issue
1
article number
e54113
publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
external identifiers
  • scopus:84872328061
  • pmid:23342087
ISSN
1932-6203
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0054113
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
aa82c353-f0f0-48dc-8d51-5a5b959eb1d1
date added to LUP
2020-02-26 10:13:46
date last changed
2024-05-15 08:10:29
@article{aa82c353-f0f0-48dc-8d51-5a5b959eb1d1,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Vitamin B6 is present in various forms (vitamers) in the diet that need to be metabolized to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the active cofactor form of vitamin B6. In literature, the liver has been reported to be the major site for this conversion, whereas the exact role of the intestine remains to be elucidated. Objective: To gain insight into the role of the intestine in human vitamin B6 metabolism. Materials and Methods: Expression of the enzymes pyridoxal kinase (PK), pyridox(am)ine phosphate oxidase (PNPO) and PLP-phosphatase was determined in Caco-2 cells and in lysates of human intestine. Vitamin B6 uptake, conversion and excretion were studied in polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers. B6 vitamer concentrations (pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL), PLP, pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxamine phosphate (PMP)) and pyridoxic acid (PA) were quantified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) using stable isotope-labeled internal standards. Results: The enzymatic system involved in vitamin B6 metabolism (PK, PNPO and PLP-phosphatase) is fully expressed in Caco-2 cells as well as in human intestine. We show uptake of PN, PM and PL by Caco-2 cells, conversion of PN and PM into PL and excretion of all three unphosphorylated B6 vitamers. Conclusion: We demonstrate, in a Caco-2 cell model, that the intestine plays a substantial role in human vitamin B6 metabolism.</p>}},
  author       = {{Albersen, Monique and Bosma, Marjolein and Knoers, Nine V.V.A.M. and de Ruiter, Berna H.B. and Diekman, Eugène F. and de Ruijter, Jessica and Visser, Wouter F. and de Koning, Tom J. and Verhoeven-Duif, Nanda M.}},
  issn         = {{1932-6203}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Public Library of Science (PLoS)}},
  series       = {{PLoS ONE}},
  title        = {{The Intestine Plays a Substantial Role in Human Vitamin B6 Metabolism : A Caco-2 Cell Model}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054113}},
  doi          = {{10.1371/journal.pone.0054113}},
  volume       = {{8}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}