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Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Active Pre-chamber Ignition in Heavy Duty Natural Gas Stationary Engine

Onofrio, Gessica ; Li, Changle LU orcid ; Garcia Valladolid, Pablo LU ; De La Morena, Joaquin ; Garcia, Antonio ; Tunestal, Per LU and Beatrice, Carlo (2020) SAE 2020 World Congress Experience, WCX 2020 In SAE Technical Papers 2020-April.
Abstract

Gas engines (fuelled with CNG, LNG or Biogas) for generation of power and heat are, to this date, taking up larger shares of the market with respect to diesel engines. In order to meet the limit imposed by the TA-Luft regulations on stationary engines, lean combustion represents a viable solution for achieving lower emissions as well as efficiency levels comparable with diesel engines. Leaner mixtures however affect the combustion stability as the flame propagation velocity and consequently heat release rate are slowed down. As a strategy to deliver higher ignition energy, an active pre-chamber may be used. This work focuses on assessing the performance of a pre-chamber combustion configuration in a stationary heavy-duty engine for... (More)

Gas engines (fuelled with CNG, LNG or Biogas) for generation of power and heat are, to this date, taking up larger shares of the market with respect to diesel engines. In order to meet the limit imposed by the TA-Luft regulations on stationary engines, lean combustion represents a viable solution for achieving lower emissions as well as efficiency levels comparable with diesel engines. Leaner mixtures however affect the combustion stability as the flame propagation velocity and consequently heat release rate are slowed down. As a strategy to deliver higher ignition energy, an active pre-chamber may be used. This work focuses on assessing the performance of a pre-chamber combustion configuration in a stationary heavy-duty engine for power generation, operating at different loads, air-to-fuel ratios and spark timings. The engine was originally a 6-cylinder compression ignition engine which is here employed as a single cylinder engine and then suitably modified to host the pre-chamber (with its natural gas injection system and spark plug) with a new bowl piston to decrease compression ratio. A 0D model is built to make a thermodynamic analysis to characterize the local conditions in the pre-chamber before spark timing (temperature, pressure and composition), based on a compressible nozzle equation for the mass transfer between the chambers and a simplified Woschni model for the pre-chamber's heat transfer. A mathematical expression was found to describe the relationship between the local conditions and the early stage of the combustion. Experimental results showed the beneficial effect of spark delay and mixture leaning for the reduction of NOx emissions, while CO, unburned hydrocarbons and engine performance see improvement with lower air-to-fuel ratios and spark advance.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
host publication
WCX SAE World Congress Experience
series title
SAE Technical Papers
volume
2020-April
article number
2020-01-0819
publisher
Society of Automotive Engineers
conference name
SAE 2020 World Congress Experience, WCX 2020
conference location
Detroit, United States
conference dates
2020-04-21 - 2020-04-23
external identifiers
  • scopus:85083849181
ISSN
0148-7191
DOI
10.4271/2020-01-0819
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
ade4b96b-73f4-45fb-a1a8-74a2543b611e
date added to LUP
2020-05-20 11:07:24
date last changed
2022-04-18 22:17:26
@inproceedings{ade4b96b-73f4-45fb-a1a8-74a2543b611e,
  abstract     = {{<p>Gas engines (fuelled with CNG, LNG or Biogas) for generation of power and heat are, to this date, taking up larger shares of the market with respect to diesel engines. In order to meet the limit imposed by the TA-Luft regulations on stationary engines, lean combustion represents a viable solution for achieving lower emissions as well as efficiency levels comparable with diesel engines. Leaner mixtures however affect the combustion stability as the flame propagation velocity and consequently heat release rate are slowed down. As a strategy to deliver higher ignition energy, an active pre-chamber may be used. This work focuses on assessing the performance of a pre-chamber combustion configuration in a stationary heavy-duty engine for power generation, operating at different loads, air-to-fuel ratios and spark timings. The engine was originally a 6-cylinder compression ignition engine which is here employed as a single cylinder engine and then suitably modified to host the pre-chamber (with its natural gas injection system and spark plug) with a new bowl piston to decrease compression ratio. A 0D model is built to make a thermodynamic analysis to characterize the local conditions in the pre-chamber before spark timing (temperature, pressure and composition), based on a compressible nozzle equation for the mass transfer between the chambers and a simplified Woschni model for the pre-chamber's heat transfer. A mathematical expression was found to describe the relationship between the local conditions and the early stage of the combustion. Experimental results showed the beneficial effect of spark delay and mixture leaning for the reduction of NOx emissions, while CO, unburned hydrocarbons and engine performance see improvement with lower air-to-fuel ratios and spark advance.</p>}},
  author       = {{Onofrio, Gessica and Li, Changle and Garcia Valladolid, Pablo and De La Morena, Joaquin and Garcia, Antonio and Tunestal, Per and Beatrice, Carlo}},
  booktitle    = {{WCX SAE World Congress Experience}},
  issn         = {{0148-7191}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  publisher    = {{Society of Automotive Engineers}},
  series       = {{SAE Technical Papers}},
  title        = {{Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Active Pre-chamber Ignition in Heavy Duty Natural Gas Stationary Engine}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0819}},
  doi          = {{10.4271/2020-01-0819}},
  volume       = {{2020-April}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}