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A prospective analysis of islet-cell cytotoxic antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetic children. Transient effects of plasmapheresis

Rabinovitch, A. ; MacKay, P. ; Ludvigsson, J. and Lernmark, A. LU orcid (1984) In Diabetes 33(3). p.224-228
Abstract

We determined the effects of plasmapheresis on cytotoxic antibodies to islet cells in 10 children (aged 11-16 yr) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as well as the plasma levels of antibodies over the next 30 mo and their relation to serum C-peptide concentrations. Complement-dependent, antibody-mediated cytotoxicity (C'AMC) in plasma was measured in a 51Cr release assay using monolayers of the rat islet cell line RINm5F. Cytotoxic antibodices decreased in most IDDM subjects treated by plasmapheresis four times within 2 wk of diagnosis; however, the decreases were small and lasted less than 2-3 days. Thus, both before and after plasmapheresis, 7 of the 10 IDDM children were C'AMC-positive... (More)

We determined the effects of plasmapheresis on cytotoxic antibodies to islet cells in 10 children (aged 11-16 yr) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as well as the plasma levels of antibodies over the next 30 mo and their relation to serum C-peptide concentrations. Complement-dependent, antibody-mediated cytotoxicity (C'AMC) in plasma was measured in a 51Cr release assay using monolayers of the rat islet cell line RINm5F. Cytotoxic antibodices decreased in most IDDM subjects treated by plasmapheresis four times within 2 wk of diagnosis; however, the decreases were small and lasted less than 2-3 days. Thus, both before and after plasmapheresis, 7 of the 10 IDDM children were C'AMC-positive (51Cr release > 2 SD above mean for 13 healthy children). After 18-30 mo, only 2 of the original 7 IDDM children with C'AMC-positive plasmas were still positive, and 1 of the original 3 IDDM children without significant cytotoxicity had become positive. Meal-stimulated serum C-peptide responses, measured from diagnosis to 18-30 mo later, did not correlate with C'AMC values. We conclude that (1) plasmapheresis has only transient effects on islet-cytotoxic antibody levels in children with IDDM; (2) these antibodies decrease in most, but not all, subjects over the first 18 mo after diagnosis; and (3) the level of cytotoxicity antibodies in IDDM plasma at diagnosis has no predictive effect on residual B-cell function.

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author
; ; and
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
in
Diabetes
volume
33
issue
3
pages
5 pages
publisher
American Diabetes Association Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:0021349363
  • pmid:6365659
ISSN
0012-1797
DOI
10.2337/diab.33.3.224
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
adf56648-950a-46b5-b0f2-677ddfa319b3
date added to LUP
2019-09-16 12:40:15
date last changed
2024-03-13 08:22:54
@article{adf56648-950a-46b5-b0f2-677ddfa319b3,
  abstract     = {{<p>We determined the effects of plasmapheresis on cytotoxic antibodies to islet cells in 10 children (aged 11-16 yr) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as well as the plasma levels of antibodies over the next 30 mo and their relation to serum C-peptide concentrations. Complement-dependent, antibody-mediated cytotoxicity (C'AMC) in plasma was measured in a <sup>51</sup>Cr release assay using monolayers of the rat islet cell line RINm5F. Cytotoxic antibodices decreased in most IDDM subjects treated by plasmapheresis four times within 2 wk of diagnosis; however, the decreases were small and lasted less than 2-3 days. Thus, both before and after plasmapheresis, 7 of the 10 IDDM children were C'AMC-positive (<sup>51</sup>Cr release &gt; 2 SD above mean for 13 healthy children). After 18-30 mo, only 2 of the original 7 IDDM children with C'AMC-positive plasmas were still positive, and 1 of the original 3 IDDM children without significant cytotoxicity had become positive. Meal-stimulated serum C-peptide responses, measured from diagnosis to 18-30 mo later, did not correlate with C'AMC values. We conclude that (1) plasmapheresis has only transient effects on islet-cytotoxic antibody levels in children with IDDM; (2) these antibodies decrease in most, but not all, subjects over the first 18 mo after diagnosis; and (3) the level of cytotoxicity antibodies in IDDM plasma at diagnosis has no predictive effect on residual B-cell function.</p>}},
  author       = {{Rabinovitch, A. and MacKay, P. and Ludvigsson, J. and Lernmark, A.}},
  issn         = {{0012-1797}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{224--228}},
  publisher    = {{American Diabetes Association Inc.}},
  series       = {{Diabetes}},
  title        = {{A prospective analysis of islet-cell cytotoxic antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetic children. Transient effects of plasmapheresis}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diab.33.3.224}},
  doi          = {{10.2337/diab.33.3.224}},
  volume       = {{33}},
  year         = {{1984}},
}