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Risk of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes after multiple myeloma and its precursor disease (MGUS)

Mailankody, Sham ; Pfeiffer, Ruth M. ; Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y. ; Korde, Neha ; Bjorkholm, Magnus ; Goldin, Lynn R. ; Turesson, Ingemar LU and Landgren, Ola (2011) In Blood 118(15). p.4086-4092
Abstract
Using population-based data from Sweden, we identified all multiple myeloma (MM) patients (n = 8740) and 5652 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients diagnosed between 1986 and 2005. We calculated standardized incidence rates (SIRs) for all subsequent hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies for MM patients diagnosed before/after 1995 (introduction of high-dose melphalan/autologous stem cell transplantation [HDM-ASCT]) and 2000 (introduction of immunomodulatory drugs [IMiDs]), respectively. MM patients had an 11.51-fold (95% confidence interval: 8.19-15.74) increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); risk was very similar before/after 1995 and 2000, respectively. MGUS... (More)
Using population-based data from Sweden, we identified all multiple myeloma (MM) patients (n = 8740) and 5652 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients diagnosed between 1986 and 2005. We calculated standardized incidence rates (SIRs) for all subsequent hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies for MM patients diagnosed before/after 1995 (introduction of high-dose melphalan/autologous stem cell transplantation [HDM-ASCT]) and 2000 (introduction of immunomodulatory drugs [IMiDs]), respectively. MM patients had an 11.51-fold (95% confidence interval: 8.19-15.74) increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); risk was very similar before/after 1995 and 2000, respectively. MGUS patients had an 8.01-fold (5.40-11.43) increased risk of AML/MDS. Risk was confined to IgG/IgA, while no IgM MGUS patients developed AML/MDS; patients with monoclonal-protein (M-protein) concentrations > 1.5 g/dL (SIR = 11.12; 3.61-25.96) had higher risk than those < 1.5 g/dL (SIR = 4.67; 1.71-10.16). An excess risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer was observed subsequent to both MM (SIR = 2.22; 1.74-2.80) and MGUS (SIR = 3.30; 2.76-3.90). Our novel observations of an excess risk for AML/MDS following IgG/IgA (but not IgM) MGUS, and the highest risk associated with M-protein concentrations > 1.5 g/dL, support a role for nontreatment-related factors in plasma cell dyscrasias. AML/MDS risk following MM was the same before/after the introduction of HDM-ASCT. Longer follow-up is needed to characterize second tumor risks in the IMiD era. (Blood. 2011; 118(15):4086-4092) (Less)
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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Blood
volume
118
issue
15
pages
4086 - 4092
publisher
American Society of Hematology
external identifiers
  • wos:000296282200015
  • scopus:80054106794
  • pmid:21795746
ISSN
1528-0020
DOI
10.1182/blood-2011-05-355743
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Emergency medicine/Medicine/Surgery (013240200)
id
aef86296-bc60-43c3-aceb-2fb14b9cd44d (old id 2253383)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 09:49:02
date last changed
2025-04-04 15:16:25
@article{aef86296-bc60-43c3-aceb-2fb14b9cd44d,
  abstract     = {{Using population-based data from Sweden, we identified all multiple myeloma (MM) patients (n = 8740) and 5652 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients diagnosed between 1986 and 2005. We calculated standardized incidence rates (SIRs) for all subsequent hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies for MM patients diagnosed before/after 1995 (introduction of high-dose melphalan/autologous stem cell transplantation [HDM-ASCT]) and 2000 (introduction of immunomodulatory drugs [IMiDs]), respectively. MM patients had an 11.51-fold (95% confidence interval: 8.19-15.74) increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); risk was very similar before/after 1995 and 2000, respectively. MGUS patients had an 8.01-fold (5.40-11.43) increased risk of AML/MDS. Risk was confined to IgG/IgA, while no IgM MGUS patients developed AML/MDS; patients with monoclonal-protein (M-protein) concentrations &gt; 1.5 g/dL (SIR = 11.12; 3.61-25.96) had higher risk than those &lt; 1.5 g/dL (SIR = 4.67; 1.71-10.16). An excess risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer was observed subsequent to both MM (SIR = 2.22; 1.74-2.80) and MGUS (SIR = 3.30; 2.76-3.90). Our novel observations of an excess risk for AML/MDS following IgG/IgA (but not IgM) MGUS, and the highest risk associated with M-protein concentrations &gt; 1.5 g/dL, support a role for nontreatment-related factors in plasma cell dyscrasias. AML/MDS risk following MM was the same before/after the introduction of HDM-ASCT. Longer follow-up is needed to characterize second tumor risks in the IMiD era. (Blood. 2011; 118(15):4086-4092)}},
  author       = {{Mailankody, Sham and Pfeiffer, Ruth M. and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y. and Korde, Neha and Bjorkholm, Magnus and Goldin, Lynn R. and Turesson, Ingemar and Landgren, Ola}},
  issn         = {{1528-0020}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{15}},
  pages        = {{4086--4092}},
  publisher    = {{American Society of Hematology}},
  series       = {{Blood}},
  title        = {{Risk of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes after multiple myeloma and its precursor disease (MGUS)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-05-355743}},
  doi          = {{10.1182/blood-2011-05-355743}},
  volume       = {{118}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}