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Disentangling the abiotic and biotic components of AMF suppressive soils

Cruz-Paredes, Carla LU orcid ; Diera, Tomas ; Davey, Marie ; Rieckmann, Maria Monrad ; Christensen, Peter ; Dela Cruz, Majbrit ; Laursen, Kristian Holst ; Joner, Erik J. ; Christensen, Jan H. and Nybroe, Ole , et al. (2021) In Soil Biology and Biochemistry 159.
Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important in plant nutrient uptake, but their function is prone to environmental constraints including soil factors that may suppress AMF transfer of phosphorus (P) from the soil to the plant. The objective of this study was to disentangle the biotic and abiotic components of AMF-suppressive soils. Suppression was measured in terms of AMF-mediated plant uptake of 33P mixed into a patch of soil and treatments included soil sterilization, soil mixing, pH manipulation and inoculation with isolated soil fungi. The degree of suppression was compared to volatile organic compound (VOC) production by isolated fungi and to multi-element analysis of soils. For a selected suppressive soil,... (More)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important in plant nutrient uptake, but their function is prone to environmental constraints including soil factors that may suppress AMF transfer of phosphorus (P) from the soil to the plant. The objective of this study was to disentangle the biotic and abiotic components of AMF-suppressive soils. Suppression was measured in terms of AMF-mediated plant uptake of 33P mixed into a patch of soil and treatments included soil sterilization, soil mixing, pH manipulation and inoculation with isolated soil fungi. The degree of suppression was compared to volatile organic compound (VOC) production by isolated fungi and to multi-element analysis of soils. For a selected suppressive soil, sterilization and soil mixing experiments confirmed a biotic component of suppression. A Fusarium isolate from that soil suppressed the AMF activity and produced greater amounts than other fungal isolates of the antimicrobial VOC trichodiene (a trichothecene toxin precursor), beta-chamigrene, alpha-cuprenene and p-xylene. These metabolites deserve further attention when unravelling the chemical background behind the suppression of AMF activity by soil microorganisms. For the abiotic component of suppression, soil liming and acidification experiments confirmed that suppression was strongest at low pH. The pH effect might be associated with changed availability of specific suppressive elements. Indeed 33P uptake from the soil patches correlated negatively to Al levels and Al toxicity seems to play a major role in the AMF suppressiveness at pH below 5.0–5.2. However, the documentation of a biotic component of suppression for both low and high pH soils leads to the conclusion that biotic and abiotic components of suppression may act in parallel in some soils. The current insight into the components of soil suppressiveness of the AMF activity aids to develop management practices that allow for optimization of AMF functionality.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
keywords
Aluminum, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Fusarium, pH, Soil suppression, Volatile organic compounds
in
Soil Biology and Biochemistry
volume
159
article number
108305
pages
11 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85106215443
ISSN
0038-0717
DOI
10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108305
language
English
LU publication?
no
additional info
Funding Information: We would like to thank Lena Asta Byrgesen, Mette Sylvan and Morten Læssøe Stephensen for their help in the laboratory and in the plant growth facilities. We would also like to thank Tobias Frøslev for providing access to the BIOWIDE soils. We are also pleased to acknowledge Richard J. Simpson for helpful suggestions on components of abiotic suppression. Funding was provided by the Novo Nordisk Foundation , grant NNF16OC0021576 and from Innovation Fund Denmark , grant 6151-00002A - SoilTracker. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)
id
b1c21c3f-f2b7-4a9c-88a5-a9b591d86842
date added to LUP
2022-08-26 11:28:48
date last changed
2022-09-02 14:48:01
@article{b1c21c3f-f2b7-4a9c-88a5-a9b591d86842,
  abstract     = {{<p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important in plant nutrient uptake, but their function is prone to environmental constraints including soil factors that may suppress AMF transfer of phosphorus (P) from the soil to the plant. The objective of this study was to disentangle the biotic and abiotic components of AMF-suppressive soils. Suppression was measured in terms of AMF-mediated plant uptake of <sup>33</sup>P mixed into a patch of soil and treatments included soil sterilization, soil mixing, pH manipulation and inoculation with isolated soil fungi. The degree of suppression was compared to volatile organic compound (VOC) production by isolated fungi and to multi-element analysis of soils. For a selected suppressive soil, sterilization and soil mixing experiments confirmed a biotic component of suppression. A Fusarium isolate from that soil suppressed the AMF activity and produced greater amounts than other fungal isolates of the antimicrobial VOC trichodiene (a trichothecene toxin precursor), beta-chamigrene, alpha-cuprenene and p-xylene. These metabolites deserve further attention when unravelling the chemical background behind the suppression of AMF activity by soil microorganisms. For the abiotic component of suppression, soil liming and acidification experiments confirmed that suppression was strongest at low pH. The pH effect might be associated with changed availability of specific suppressive elements. Indeed <sup>33</sup>P uptake from the soil patches correlated negatively to Al levels and Al toxicity seems to play a major role in the AMF suppressiveness at pH below 5.0–5.2. However, the documentation of a biotic component of suppression for both low and high pH soils leads to the conclusion that biotic and abiotic components of suppression may act in parallel in some soils. The current insight into the components of soil suppressiveness of the AMF activity aids to develop management practices that allow for optimization of AMF functionality.</p>}},
  author       = {{Cruz-Paredes, Carla and Diera, Tomas and Davey, Marie and Rieckmann, Maria Monrad and Christensen, Peter and Dela Cruz, Majbrit and Laursen, Kristian Holst and Joner, Erik J. and Christensen, Jan H. and Nybroe, Ole and Jakobsen, Iver}},
  issn         = {{0038-0717}},
  keywords     = {{Aluminum; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Fusarium; pH; Soil suppression; Volatile organic compounds}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Soil Biology and Biochemistry}},
  title        = {{Disentangling the abiotic and biotic components of AMF suppressive soils}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108305}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108305}},
  volume       = {{159}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}